How much does electric heating cost. Simple Electric heating of a private house: Views and their pros and cons are the best options. Electric underfloor heating

It is better to prepare a sled in the summer, as well as a heating system at home or in a summer house. It is not worth putting off “for later” the solution to this vitally important issue. After all, autumn cold can come suddenly, and it is important that the weather does not take you by surprise.

Homeowners who have gas connected to the house but who have no problems with heating and hot water can close this article and go about their business. This article is for people who want to do in the house. the most economical electric heating, but the power allocated to their house (the limit of allowed power) is not enough to connect several heating appliances and other household appliances. And the purchase of additional electric power from power engineers is not possible due to the unjustifiably high cost or physical absence of excess power due to old transformer substations.

What is the most economical and inexpensive heating system for electricity?

According to many years of experience, we can say that the simplest and cheapest way to implement a method of electric heating of a country house or cottage is use of electric convectors. These electrical appliances have positively proven themselves for heating, both residential and administrative or retail space. This type of electric heating has several important advantages over other electric heating systems and appliances. Consider just a few of the benefits.

1. The best indicators of efficiency and profitability

The principle of operation of an electric convector is the natural circulation of air, when warm air, as less dense, rises above the cold. Indoor air mixes spontaneously. This ensures good uniformity and speed of heating, as well as the absence of drafts.

The heating elements of electric convectors have a low mass and thermal inertia, so they heat up quickly. Unlike, say, oil filled radiators. Therefore, the efficiency of such a heating device is very high, and the power consumption is an order of magnitude less than that consumed by an electric boiler.

Almost all the electricity consumed by the convector is converted to heat. A thermostat allows you to achieve significant energy savings, because the TEN does not work constantly, but only with a decrease in air temperature. Those. cyclically.

2. Best performance safety

Modern convectors contain heating elements that do not heat up above 100 ° С. At the same time, the temperature of the convector body remains below 60 ° C. The convector does not burn oxygen. And most devices of this type have increased protection against moisture (IP24), so they can be safely installed in bathrooms, bathrooms, dressing rooms, next to the pool, etc. Although, of course, this does not mean that the convector can be sprayed with water from a hose!

Convectors from leading manufacturers are equipped with a security system that will turn off heating if the air inlet or outlet is closed. Therefore, convectors can be used in kindergartens, nurseries, hospitals, etc.

3. Easy to install and operate

The electric heating convector is ready for use immediately after purchase. All that is necessary for its operation is installation on a wall or on special legs, as well as inclusion in the power grid.

To select the temperature, it is enough to set the temperature controller to the appropriate temperature value, and then, just wipe the dust from the case. Unlike the installation of a water system, convectors save considerable money, because they do not require laying pipes throughout the house.

The cost of high-quality electric convectors can not be compared with the cost of an electric water heating system.

5. The possibility of a gradual increase in the system

Convectors can be purchased and put into operation gradually, as necessary or as funds are available. While water heating requires the purchase of all components at once, which is not cheap.

6. The possibility of using energy-saving automation

Very often, the power allocated to a house or cottage is not enough to connect several energy-intensive heating devices. Electric convectors allow the use of additional external automation, for example, the OEL-820 Clusterwin network load optimizer, which reduces the total power consumption and allows you to operate them even with an insufficient limit of allowed power.

This is very important for a country house. In addition, the load optimizer does not require installation, but simply plugs into the outlet, like an adapter - adapter. The electric boiler requires a large supplied power, which cannot be reduced.

7. Insensitivity to voltage deviations

Heating elements of convectors are not sensitive to the deviation of the network voltage, which is often found outside the city. Therefore, they do not need an additional voltage regulator.

8. Great design and compact

Heating with convectors does not require room under the boiler room. Convectors are small and fit into any interior.

Clause 6 is illustrated by an example

Under an agreement with a power sales company, the electric power allocated to the house is 5 kW. In this case, it is necessary to operate four convectors of 1 kW each, a water heater of 1 kW, and a kettle of 1 kW. In total, our electrical appliances consume 6 kW, which exceeds the allocated limit. Therefore, when they are turned on simultaneously, the network will overload and knock out the machine (circuit breaker) ...

However, it is not necessary that all appliances are turned on for heating at the same time. If powerful electrical appliances are conventionally divided into pairs and made so that in each pair one and only one electrical appliance can be switched on, then it is possible to significantly reduce the total power consumption and bypass the allowed power limit. For these purposes, they use the latest automation - power load optimizers. For example, OEL-820 CLUSTERWIN.

You can read more about this device and its operation in previous articles.

To connect energy-consuming electrical appliances, we will use three OEL-820 CLUSTERWIN power optimizers.

Third floor. One large room is a studio.

When the priority convector A is turned on in heating mode, the non-priority convector B is turned off. As soon as the temperature in the left zone of the room reaches the set value, convector A will turn off the heating. The duty cycle of non-priority appliance B.

When the temperature in the right zone of the room reaches the set value, convector B will turn off. For some time, depending on the quality of the thermal insulation of the room, both convectors can be turned off. At this time, the temperature in the left area of \u200b\u200bthe room slowly decreases.

When the temperature drops below the set value, priority convector A will turn on and begin its new duty cycle.

Since in this pair of convectors only one convector can turn on at any moment of time, the total power consumed by the two convectors will never exceed 1 kW.

The total consumption and load on the power grid is reduced by 2 times.

Second floor. Two separate rooms.

Convectors on the second floor, connected to the network through optimizers of the load on the mains, work in exactly the same way as convectors on the third floor. Only each of them heats his room. At the same time, the total power consumed by two convectors will never exceed 1 kW.

The kettle and water heater are connected to the network through the OEL-820 optimizer. While the kettle is not in use, the water heater operates in accordance with the temperature set on the thermostat. When you turn on the kettle, the water heater automatically turns off for the duration of the kettle.

As soon as the water boils, and the kettle turns off, the water heater will be connected to the network and continue to work. It is preferable if the thermostat is electromechanical. Such a water heater is cheaper.

Since one and only one electrical device can be switched on from two electrical appliances, the total power consumption of the kettle and water heater will never exceed 1 kW. Therefore, their consumption and load on the power grid reduced by 2 times!

Conclusion:  when operating six electrical appliances with a total capacity of 6 kW connected through three optimizers of the load on the power grid, the total power consumed from the power grid will never exceed 3 kW!

Which of the points of advantages of convectors listed by us should be put in the first place, and which in the last? There is no definite answer to this question. But, the ability to choose what is more important in your specific situation is already wonderful!

Which electric convectors to choose?

This is a matter of taste and purse. It is clear that you should only buy devices from well-known manufacturers, such as NOBO or the like. This is your safety. Pay attention to a function such as self-healing (restart) after a power outage.

Normal convectors are not sensitive to power outages. And those that require a restart by a person are not convenient in operation and can cause great damage by freezing a house.

The most economical electric home heating

  It is better to prepare a sled in the summer, as well as a heating system at home or in a summer house. It is not worth putting off “for later” the solution to this vitally important issue. After all, the autumn cold can come

Heating a house with electricity: the most economical way and the advantages of choosing

It is known that the gas system is considered the most inexpensive option for heating. But there are situations when it is not possible to use it, for example, if a gas pipeline does not pass nearby. In this case, heating the house with electricity is recommended. The most economical way can be selected by analyzing all the options available. This is what we will do in this review.

A similar option is suitable for buildings in the country and country houses

Why you should choose heating the house with electricity: the most economical way

The electric heating system has the following advantages:

• Power-based appliances are virtually silent and require no additional fuel. They do not pollute the atmosphere. To use them, you only need an electrical network;
• installation of equipment does not require significant investments;
• to save energy, you can use the system of double tariff meters or the device of solar panels on the roof;
• connecting a convector or boiler can be done independently.

Heated by electricity using different devices

Options for electric heating a private house

Such a heating scheme involves the use of various types of equipment.

Boiler application

It is not uncommon to install an electric boiler for heating a 220v house. A similar device belongs to the budget options and is easy to install.

Electric boilers are of the following types:

• tenovy models belong to traditional options. The heater is heated by electricity and transfers heat to the coolant, which transfers it to the installed radiators. This unit is equipped with a temperature controller, which allows you to keep the temperature at a certain level. The disadvantages include scale, which is collected on the heating element;

The diagram shows the principle of operation with a heating element

• instead of the heater, the electrode type of the boiler has an electrode acting on free ions, which creates heat. This is a safe design option, as the device stops working if there is a water leak. With this method of heating, limescale does not occur, but only water can be used as a heat carrier;

Device electrode model

• the device of an induction electric boiler includes a pipeline and a radiator. In this case, the radiation mechanism forms an electromagnetic field interacting with elements of metal. Electricity produces vortex flows that transfer energy to the coolant. Such a product is characterized by ease of installation and maintenance. The heating fluid used is water, oil formulations or antifreeze.

Installation of induction device

Select IR Panels

Determining how to heat the house with electricity economically, you can consider installing infrared structures. Such products do not warm the air inside the rooms, but various objects. If in the variant with the boiler the air masses move up and then cool, then in this case the hot flows are directed to the floor.

Infrared designs do not take up much space

If temperature regulators are added to infrared devices, they will work more efficiently. To control three heaters, one regulator is enough. This equipment is economical to use, but expensive in terms of installation and construction costs. IR devices consume a small amount of electricity. In addition, they rationally distribute heat. They can carry out spot and zone heating. Even after the structure is turned off, objects emit heat for a long time.

Infrared panel device

Installation of such equipment can be done independently. The infrared system is used both as the main type of fuel, and as an additional one. The advantages of the option include a long service life of up to 80 years.

Heating the house with electricity is also carried out using an infrared warm floor. This is an economical and effective tool. This design is not afraid of sudden surges in electricity and does not break with minor damage. You can install such a device under a different flooring except for parquet. Infrared rays heat only solid objects, so when the floor is heated, the elements themselves do not heat up.

Installation of infrared flooring

Infrared panels for the ceiling

Advantages of convectors

When choosing the most economical electric heating without a boiler, it is worth exploring the capabilities of convectors. According to manufacturers, a convector that runs on electricity, heats the space efficiently and at the same time spends a small amount of electricity. The main advantage of the device is that its installation is simple.

It takes about two minutes to heat up the heating element, which is much faster than when heated by water devices. The advantages of such designs include:

• low cost of equipment;
• fire safety;
• the heating system can not be completed immediately, buying radiators as necessary;
• modern design;
• smooth operation even with sudden changes in voltage;
• small sizes.

This method maintains the desired ratio of humidity in the room and does not destroy oxygen. Excellent technical properties and excellent power indicators allow the use of electric convectors for heating both a large and a small private house.

Such designs are compact in size and mobility.

The main structural element is a heater, which converts the energy of electricity into heat. The principle of operation is air convection. In this case, the cooled flows penetrate into the slots of the lower part of the housing, and then exit through the upper holes. The convector can work separately or in a system with temperature control.

Wall models are characterized by functionality and allow you to free up space

Which option is better not to choose?

Choosing the most economical way to heat your home is worth exploring options that are not worth buying. Costly options include an oil cooler. It has increased power, but when working in the winter, it consumes a lot of electricity. Despite the significant power, such products have low heating efficiency. Interestingly, IR panels of the same power will quickly heat the space in the house. Low-efficiency devices include fan heaters. They help reduce oxygen, make noise and move dust.

An oil heater is well combined with other heating methods.

How to increase the efficiency of electric boilers for heating a private house: prices and methods

To get the most economical way, heating the house with electricity must be properly organized. The effectiveness of the entire structure can be reduced as a result of poor thermal insulation. Various gaps, cracks and lack of insulation on the windows contributes to the rapid cooling of the rooms.

If nobody is at home all day, then you can not heat the house all day. In this situation, you can install a special controller that will start the heating system a few hours before the arrival of residents. Two hours is enough to fully warm up the rooms.

Scheme of electrical equipment

Of great importance is the skillfully drawn-up design of the heating system, made taking into account the locations of the heaters and power. A good solution is to install a multi-tariff meter. This device allows you to save electricity at night, when the heater will work.

Helpful information!  With good insulation of the ceiling and walls, the quality of heating can increase up to 80%.

To get a cheap home heating system with electricity, you need to choose the right equipment and calculate the locations of all appliances.

Electric boiler for heating a private house  able to not only heat the room, but also in the presence of a second circuit to provide the family with hot water supply, which is also important. In the review, we consider the most famous brands and models, and their advantages over each other.

Heating a house with electricity: the most economical way

  If there is no gas line nearby, it is recommended that the house be heated with electricity. The most economical way can be selected by analyzing all the available options. We’ll talk about this.

Overview of the most economical way to heat a house with electricity

For each apartment building, whether it is a large multi-apartment building, or if it is a private household of one and two-story type, the organization of effective heating is of great importance. Today there are a lot of existing heating options, however, due to technical capabilities, not every house can be connected to gas. It is not always possible to supply solid fuel or liquid fuel boilers with the required amount of fuel. In such situations, heating the house with electricity will become the most economical and affordable way.

Already at the stage of designing an electric heating system, we can conclude that such a heating method will be much cheaper and more economical. Moreover, if we compare the speed of installation of electrical equipment with the laying and installation of heating systems of other types. Profitability in some cases is a decisive factor when choosing a heating system. Despite the fact that today electricity is constantly becoming more expensive, new technologies allow the use of electric heaters with high efficiency.

Electric heating in your home - the main advantages and disadvantages

The concept of electric heating should be understood as a fairly wide range of technical means and capabilities. Electricity is a unique type of artificially generated energy that can be successfully used for domestic purposes. Electric heating can be of two types:

• with intermediate heat carrier;
• with direct heat dissipation.

In the first case, we are talking about a system based on an electric boiler that heats the coolant and distributes it through the piping system. In the second case, we are talking about independent heating elements and devices operating from an electric network. For heating the house, like any other room, convectors, thermal electric fans, spiral and infrared heaters are actively used. This method of heating is much easier from a technical point of view. The only minus is a significant overrun of electricity, which will have to be paid for. A warm floor deserves a separate discussion, a technology due to which you can truly achieve comfort in heating residential premises.

If we consider the ratio of opportunities and advantages obtained from the use of electric heating with other types of heating, then electricity will look preferable. The main advantage of electric heating systems is high efficiency. Other positive aspects include:

• durability of working systems;
• ease of maintenance and operation;
• reasonable expenses for the purchase of equipment, installation and connection.
• silent operation and a high level of safety of modern electric heating installations;
• lack of permits for the installation of electric heating systems.

The economic effect is achieved due to the installation of thermostats on the electric heating devices, due to which the power is turned on and off automatically.

These pluses are leveled by one minus. For installation in the house of sufficiently powerful heating electrical appliances, an electric boiler, additional equipment of the residential building with electrical distribution devices and devices will be required.

Important! Wiring in the house should be able to withstand significant loads, especially in the cold season. In addition to everything, the electric switchboard needs to be equipped with a multi-tariff meter, which allows intensive use of the cheap night tariff. The main task when installing electrical heating systems is to optimize the operation of the entire complex.

Electric boiler or convector - what is the difference? What to look for?

From a technological point of view, an electric boiler is the most profitable in terms of price-quality ratio. Before making a purchase, you should carefully study the technical capabilities and characteristics of the models on the market. Assessing the capabilities of the boiler, it is necessary to take into account the amount of work that new equipment has to cope with. In order to heat a house with an area of \u200b\u200b150 m 2, at least 150 kW of electricity per day will be required by rough estimates. Not every boiler is able to cope with such a volume, and not all power lines are able to withstand such a load.

The boiler is connected to a conventional standard water heating system, heating the coolant during its operation.

Each model is equipped with a control unit, which allows residents to choose the temperature regime on their own. Automation itself regulates the power of the boiler based on the specified parameters, without requiring human intervention, providing the necessary savings in electricity. The water supply is also regulated using the built-in pump, so there is no reason to worry about normal pressure in the system. The additional equipment that most modern models of electric boilers are equipped with today increases the functionality of the system and is aimed at reducing electricity consumption, saving you money.

In the process of optimizing the operation of the heating system, it is important to consider the heat losses that are inherent in the room. This indicator depends directly on the thickness of the walls, the presence of insulation, the number of doors and window openings. The main heat loss occurs through windows and doors.

Last but not least, the heating efficiency depends on the parameters of the selected model of the electric boiler. There are classic boilers with heating elements, as well as more efficient modern options - induction and electrode (ionic). Moreover, they all have a coefficient of performance of 90%.

For reference: Often, manufacturers in the accompanying documents for the goods write the efficiency of the model - 95-98%. The numbers look impressive, although in reality the figures are much lower, within 90-92%.

With the simultaneous use of a large number of electrical household appliances, the temperature of the coolant in the electric heating system can be reduced, saving on a balanced consumption of electricity. Each case provides different options for savings, in contrast to the use of other heating systems. For example, for heating a country house with an area of \u200b\u200b50 m 2, an electric boiler with a capacity of 3 kW is required. Having the necessary numbers at hand is not at all difficult to calculate the number of kilowatts that will be consumed during the month during continuous operation of the boiler.

• house area - 50 m 2;
• electric boiler - power 3 kW;

We do arithmetic calculations using the following formula: 3x24x30, where 24 is the number of hours in a day, 30 is the number of days in a month. We get 2160 kW per month with the boiler running, and now multiply this figure by the electricity tariff that is set in your region.

All calculations are approximate. The real amount of energy costs will be visible only after some time. Only then can you make an independent adjustment of the heating system in the house, determine the feasibility of using other electrical appliances in everyday life.

If you need to organize heating in your own house without laying highways and installing numerous equipment, you can do with convectors. Unlike electric water heating in convectors, the main principle of operation is convection of warm air. Due to the operation of the heating elements, ambient air is heated. The system is almost completely autonomous, compact and capable of quickly warming up small indoor areas.

Convectors are equipped with temperature controllers, with which you can set the optimal heating parameters. The presence of automation provides automatic on / off device depending on the temperature conditions in the room. To install heaters of this type, you must have high-quality sockets and reliable wiring.

Convectors can be installed both on walls and on the floor. The cooled air goes down, falling into the field of action of the heating elements, again heats up and rises, and so on in a closed circle. Thus, the process of convection of air masses is achieved. The operating mode for heating convectors is 60-100 0 C. Additionally, the room can be equipped with fans, the action of which will accelerate the air exchange of the air mass. Despite the apparent simplicity of design and the elementary principle of operation, heating the room with the help of convectors is uneven. The air will be warmer under the ceiling, while cooler air masses will be felt below.

To achieve savings when using convectors, it is enough to carry out a simple mathematical calculation, which allows you to determine the required number of devices for normal heating of the room. Practice shows that convectors are effective in heating wooden residential and domestic buildings of a small area. In capital, stone buildings with premises of a considerable area, it is not practical to use convectors. Large volumes of air quickly cool down, the time for heating the room by convection of air masses increases significantly. Consequently, the energy consumption of the heating system increases.

Warm floor - economical heating of a private house

An electric boiler, convectors are not the only options to equip a private house with an effective heating system, powered by the mains. The warm floor, which today has become fashionable to install in country houses and apartments, can be a successful alternative to any other heating option. From the point of view of physics, the underfloor heating does not give a noticeable effect, however, in comparison with the operation of other electric heating devices, thanks to the warm floor, it is possible to reduce energy costs for heating.

The necessary effect is achieved due to the rational distribution of heat. Floors are known to be the coolest part in any room. Thanks to the warm floors, the coldest part of the room is automatically converted from a cooler to a source of thermal energy. The air heated from below over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe room rises in uniform streams. For residential premises, underfloor heating gives savings of 30-40%, for heating other rooms, savings can be 50% or more.

With the help of temperature controllers, optimal heating parameters are achieved. Having independently decided on the temperature regime inside the building, it is really possible to achieve significant energy savings.

The advantages of underfloor heating are as follows:

• an effective way to quickly warm the rooms;
• acceptable economic indicators;
• maintains a comfortable indoor microclimate (oxygen is not burned);
• simplicity and reliability in operation.

Against the background of the advantages that a warm floor has, the only drawback of this option of electric heating looks insignificant. The problem is the difficulty of installing such a heating system, associated with the need to reorganize the flooring.

A preliminary calculation of the cost of heating costs in this case is as follows:

The estimated power of standard models used in everyday life is 1.5 kW per 10 m 2. We consider the average daily consumption and get the figure of 360 kW. For rooms of other sizes, calculations are done according to the same principle, power varies in proportion to the area.

For reference:  360 kW x 2.5 (tariff 2.5 rubles, tentatively) we get 900 rubles. And now we multiply the resulting figure by real square meters, for example 50 m 2. As a result, we are faced with a figure of 4,500 rubles.

Today, there is a large selection of options to achieve the necessary comfort inside a residential building using electric heating.

Each of us has the right to choose which heating option is most suitable for him. An electric boiler, underfloor heating or electric heaters are options that solve specific problems. You can solve the problem globally by creating a capital heating system or solve problems locally. You can achieve savings in any case if you rationally equip your house with heating elements, reduce heat loss in the room and optimize the operation of the entire power system in the house.

The most economical way to heat a house with electricity

  Article on the topic: "Overview of the most economical way of heating a house with electricity" - encyclopedia of heating ZnatokTepla.ru

Heating a house with electricity: the most economical way, some tips

Owners of private houses for various reasons choose heating with electricity. Unfortunately, of all the existing methods, it is considered the most expensive. Therefore, the question is more relevant than ever: how to reduce the cost of heating a house with electricity. We will consider the most economical way in more detail by comparing some types of heating systems.

Read the article:

Advantages and disadvantages of heating with electricity

Often, houses built in private areas are not connected to energy networks: gas, solid fuel. In such cases, the organization of heating using electricity becomes the only way out.

For example, many people install all kinds of heaters, stoves, radiators in the house if the main system does not work yet. Do such methods have obvious advantages and significant disadvantages? We will understand this in more detail.

Electric heating of private houses: undeniable advantages

1. Easy installation of electrical heat sources.
2. The ability to quickly adjust the temperature to the desired level.
3. Saving energy consumption.
4. Mobility of heating sources (in the case of using mobile radiators).
5. The ability to choose the type of convector for the interior of the house.
6. Environmental friendliness - oxygen is not removed (not burned) from the space of the room, there is no danger of harmful emissions.

Cons of heating from the mains

1. The high cost of electricity services.
2. If you need to create a high voltage, you will need to purchase and install an energy distributor.

Economical new generation electric heaters.  Currently, the technology for the production of electric heaters is expanding and improving, due to which economical new-generation electric heaters have appeared. We will talk about them in this review.

But if there is simply no other way, for example, centralized networks are not connected to a distant area from the city line, then the organization of heating with the help of electricity becomes an indispensable option.

Types of electric heating in a private house

Most often, the need for a heating system with the help of electricity arises precisely in private homes.

The latest systems for this type of room heating vary in:

Interestingly, not every one of them requires a large consumption of electricity! Let's see how to make heating of houses with electricity cheap.

Water heating and electric boiler

This is the usual heating circuit, along which water runs, acting as a heat carrier. However, the heating of the liquid in the circuit is started by an electric boiler for heating the house 220 V.

Hence certain equipment features:

1. The system should only be closed.
2. A membrane expansion tank is required for uniform heating of the house.
3. From time to time, forced circulation of water in the circuit is needed to reduce the cost of electrical energy.

The functioning of this system is impossible without the use of a boiler, which is of 3 types:

With a heating element TEN

TEN works on a liquid - an electric current conductor is heated by a resistor. On such devices, it is necessary to additionally acquire waterproof and insulated protection, which, unfortunately, negatively affects the design power.

On average, the performance of boilers with heating elements ranges from 3 to 50 kilowatts. At the same time, low-power varieties work stably from a single-phase network, but powerful ones will already require three phases. The appearance of such boilers depends on the layout of the heating elements.

1. The undoubted advantages of the device include its low cost.
2. But it is directly related to the inability to save electricity, while the heater itself is not capable of long service.
3. Due to constant use, salts are deposited on the heating element, which impede its stable operation, and then contribute to its breakdown, which contributes to the frequent change of the part.

Miroslav, Perm. Purchase - Protherm 12 K boiler: “First, a friend bought such a boiler, I was satisfied with it, so I bought an already proven model. It has already been 2 years, it runs smoothly. However, I do not recommend taking the boiler without the Thermolink-S regulator, because the device will work uneconomically. I bought it separately, installed it, the advantages of the boiler increased significantly with it. "

Pros:  small in size, went perfectly to the interior of the house.

Disadvantages:  slightly noisy when running.

Elena, Moscow. Purchase - boiler Protherm SKAT 24:  The device is very happy, but it is not clear why in Russia our manufacturers do not make boilers of the same excellent quality. But Protherm, roughly speaking, bought and forgot - it does not cause any problems at all!

Pros:  copper heating elements in the design, which instantly improves the quality and service life of the device. I like the soft start - the device heats up with a delay, which also, I think, affects how much it will work without interruptions. The boiler has its own circulating pumping apparatus, which is almost inaudible in operation. And you can immediately turn on all the heating elements so that heating is faster.

Minuses:  European quality must be paid, so the price is high. And you also need to connect the device if there is a stabilizer device that protects against power surges, otherwise the boiler will not be accepted under warranty, in which case.

With electrode function

The system is very different from the previous scheme. So, heat is generated due to frequency fluctuations in variable networks - they cause ion vibrations in the electrolyte, which is heated because of this.

It looks like an electrode boiler

The boiler is, in fact, a casing and 2 electrodes located in the coolant - an electrolyte or conductive fluid. In the role of this coolant, ordinary antifreeze can act.

1. Such devices are compact.
2. Light in weight, affordable, but have high heating power. They can be grouped, include only one or all at once.
3. And one of its main advantages is its resistance to voltage drops, which is especially relevant for houses with old wiring.

But at the same time, the electrode system has disadvantages:

1. unstable power level;
2. extreme dependence on the composition of the conductive substance and its temperature;
3. requires strict observance of the proportions of the solution and its purity;
4. incorrect "reaction" to the adjustment and automatic control.

Russian electrode boilers for heating a private house, price range.

1.
2.
3.

To provide a private house with heating, a heating system is needed, the main element of which is a heat generator - a heating boiler. It can operate on electricity, solid fuel, gas, etc. (read: ""). Depending on the location of the house in relation to energy sources, the area of \u200b\u200bthe house, the mode of stay in it for a year, the cost of materials and installation work, choose the appropriate equipment.

In this case, the heat engineering calculation is important, allowing you to find out the required power of the heating boiler, and accordingly the type of fuel on which it will operate. Owners of houses with an area of \u200b\u200bup to 300 "squares" often prefer the installation of electric heating boilers, since their efficiency reaches 100%. This means that the energy consumed is completely converted into heat.

A compact modern electric heating device, such as in the photo, can be installed in houses where there is a connection to a network voltage of 220 V (380 V). At the same time, many consumers care whether electric heating is beneficial, since the cost of electricity is rather big. The electric boiler can function both as an independent source of thermal energy, and as an additional one in an existing heating system.

Factors Affecting Power Consumption

In order to correctly calculate the heating of electricity and accordingly find out which model of boiler it is desirable to purchase in a particular case, a number of points must be taken into account:

• volume of the room to be heated;
• type of device required (single or dual circuit);
• supply voltage;
• current value;
• section of the power cable;
• unit power for;
• tank capacity;
• the amount of coolant for which the heating circuit is designed;
• operating time of the equipment during the heating period;
• the cost of one kW / hour;
• daily duration of work at maximum load.

Depending on the power of a single-phase boiler (4, 6, 10, 12 kW), the approximate cross-section of the cable should be 4, 6, 10, 16 mm², respectively. For three-phase heaters with a power of 12, 16, 22, 27, 30 kW, choose a cable with a cross-sectional area of \u200b\u200b2.5, 4, 6, 10, 16 mm².

Despite the fact that there are no special requirements for ordinary boilers, when installing an unit with a capacity of more than 10 kW, this must be agreed with the Energy Supervision and electric distribution enterprises. The fact is that with high power it is necessary to connect a 3-phase line and get permission to pay for electricity at a household tariff.

Simple calculation of planned expenses

   The electric boiler, based on the costs of the purchase, installation and maintenance, is considered the most profitable and economical unit. For its placement does not require a separate room, also does not need a chimney. The efficiency indicator, equal to 100%, remains constant for the electric boiler throughout the entire period of its operation.

It is not difficult to find out the energy consumption for heating a house if you use generally accepted information in the calculation process:

• 4–8 W / h of electricity is required to heat a unit volume of heated premises. A more accurate figure is obtained if we calculate the heat loss of the entire building and its specific value during the heating season. The calculations are made using the correction factor, which takes into account additional losses when the coolant passes through the walls of the house and through unheated rooms;
• the duration of the heating season is 7 months (read: "");
• to determine the average power, it is customary to use the following rule - with a room height of up to 3 meters with insulated structures for heating 10 "squares", 1 kW is enough. For example, in order to heat a house with an area of \u200b\u200b160 squares, an electric boiler must have a capacity of 16 kW. If the heating device does not have sufficient power, a comfortable microclimate in the house cannot be created, and if there is an excess of energy overrun, it cannot be avoided;
• to find out the monthly energy consumption for heating a house, you need to multiply the boiler power by the time it works (in hours) in continuous mode;
• the resulting value is divided in half, because for 7 months (heating period) the heating device will not function under extreme heat load (read: ""). The result obtained is the average energy consumption per month;
• the result is multiplied by 7 (months) and find out the electricity consumption for heating the house throughout the year;
• knowing the cost of a unit of power, they determine the monetary costs of heating a building.

   Power calculation according to the formula

Thermotechnical calculation in a simplified form is performed according to the formula:
   W \u003d SxW beats / 10 square meters, in which the desired value is the product of the specific power required for heating 10 "squares" and the area to be heated.

  Private house heating, detailed video:

Energy savings at the settlement stage

   Despite the fact that electricity is expensive, heating with an electric boiler is considered the most efficient and economical. To save electricity consumption for heating a house allows setting up the device depending on the change in air temperature in the street and the purpose of a room.

   The result of calculating electricity consumption and the amount of costs depends on the type of metering and the use of a combined heating option. You can add other devices to the boiler to generate heat using other fuels. This measure will significantly reduce energy consumption.

It is well known that the distribution of loads between consumers of electricity for 24 hours is uneven. For this reason, in order to maintain the required temperature regime without problems, it is advisable that the boiler unit mainly work at night (from 23:00 to 06:00). It is during this time period that the minimum electricity consumption is fixed, the payment of which is subject to reduced prices. The use of multi-tariff accounting allows subscribers to save about a third of financial expenses. By the way: as practice has shown, peak loads occur in the morning from 08:00 to 11:00 hours and in the evening - from 20:00 to 22:00 hours.

There is a way to maximize the efficiency of the heating system. To do this, install a circulation discharge device. The pump is connected to the return network in order to minimize the time during which the walls of the boiler come into contact with the hot heat carrier. As a result, the heater has a longer period of operation.

Electric heating at home is attractive due to the absence of combustion products, noiselessness and environmental safety.  It is rare that any owner of his own house does not think about the construction of such a system, especially if the area is not gasified.

However, knowing that electricity is very expensive, even if we summarize only household appliances, it becomes clear that heating a house with electricity is not cheap. To verify this fact, the calculation of energy consumption and the conversion of the results into the spent funds is described below.

Calculations of energy consumption by the example of an electric boiler

Since an electric boiler converts energy into heat almost immediately, it is reasonable to assume that it will be much more useful than other sources with electric networks. In addition, the boiler is used as a hot water generator, which makes it a sales leader among heating systems.

How much does it cost to have electric heating in the house through a boiler? For example, we use a house area of \u200b\u200bup to 200 m²:

1. To begin with, you should take into account the area of \u200b\u200bwalls, openings of windows and doors, ceilings and insulation. In addition to the area, the thickness of each material used is also taken into account.
2. Then summarize their thermal conductivity coefficients. Data can be taken from SNiP tables.
3. To determine the heat loss, it is necessary to take into account the value of the thermal resistance of each building material. Simply put - how a particular material reacts to heat, whether it heats up quickly.
4. And finally, a formula with the values \u200b\u200bof all the found parameters: Q \u003d S * ΔT / R, where ΔT is the difference between the comfortable temperature of the house and the outdoor temperature at peak cold.

The approximate consumption for heating with electricity of the house is 200 square meters. m of brick will be like this:

• R \u003d 50 / 0.81, where 50 is the wall thickness of two bricks. Total: 61.7
• Q \u003d S * ΔT / R, for the temperature difference we take 24⁰ inside and -15⁰ outside, that is 9⁰. Result: 29.1.

That is, the boiler must make up for such heat loss in one hour of operation. Multiplying by 8 hours is the average operating time of the electric boiler, then by 30 days and the amount of the current tariff, you can find out the result in monetary terms. Result: more than 20 thousand rubles.

Of course, when planning the construction of a large private house, the owner must assume that maintaining private property is not cheap and, first of all, the costs are to provide the house with comfort. Therefore, it is so important to start the process with competent design, which takes into account all the nuances of each communication.

Is it possible to reduce costs, and what sources of alternative electric heat supply exist - more on this below.

Solar panels are the best way out for large areas

The development of alternative energy sources, such as solar collectors, is far from new. However, this heat supply scheme gained popularity only in certain areas of Russia, where the number of sunny days is not less than 20 per month. What is remarkable for such installations, and what are the conditions for their use:

The main disadvantage that economical electric heating of the house represents is its price. The device of the plates will cost the user from 200 thousand rubles. However, in the future, the costs pay off more than in the first year of operation of the system.

There are nuances in its installation:

Alternative heat sources are a new and, most likely, the most promising means of saving, which should be seriously considered by the owners of private houses, where it is not possible to join gas pipelines, and the use of solid fuel causes pollution of the environment and territory in particular.

Heat pumps for home heating

Another source of energy, already obtained from the bowels of the earth. The principle of operation for the layman is incomprehensible - the extraction of low temperatures with their conversion to high. Easier said - each of the natural resources has a percentage of heat given off by the sun.

The task of the sediment system is to collect them and use them for their intended purpose. The system cannot function without a network, but has the highest efficiency of all existing - up to 300%. That is, for every kilowatt spent, it gives several times more - the cost of heating a house with electricity is quite justified. So, more about the benefits:

1. Absolute safety. There are no explosives, tena.
2. A small percentage of noise and clear controls.
3. The system can work in reverse mode - in summer you can get good air conditioning throughout the house.

But the shortcomings of such a system are very serious and it is worth considering all of them carefully, since the omission will affect the future:

Before purchasing this system, you need to calculate the consumed volume. It is possible to do it yourself, but to combine the figures obtained with the unit, without special knowledge, no. Then you have to decide where the pump and the well will be located - it is not easy to decide to completely free the site from vegetation and abandon the development of the house territory.

Installation of professional equipment occurs with the conclusion of a service contract, and this is always a certain burden. Therefore, the electric heating of the house is 100 sq m, it is better to consider it in another embodiment, if at least one of the requirements becomes impossible.

To use electric heating of a house of 150 m2 in the form of the described systems, which means to understand the costs associated with them. Most likely, in the near future they will have to be used everywhere for any residential needs. However, cheap heating of a private house with electricity does not exist.

For any residential building, whether it is a large multi-apartment building or private household in one or two floors, an important issue is the organization of the most efficient heating system. There are quite a few options available to solve this problem, but not every one of them can be used in one or another case. For example, it is sometimes impossible to connect a house to gas. Also, it is not always possible for the owners to stock up on the right amount of energy for liquid and solid fuel boilers. In such cases, the most optimal and economical option is electric heating at home.

Choosing the best option

The days when private houses were heated only with the help of a wood stove have already sunk into oblivion. Existing materials and technologies allow owners to choose any of a variety of ways to create and maintain a comfortable temperature in a residential building. However, experts practically unanimously say that the most acceptable option in this case is electric heating of the house, which in the future will undoubtedly become the highest priority. After all, it is known that the reserves of natural resources are not at all unlimited. Sooner or later, but there will come a time when you have to completely abandon them by switching to electricity. After all, it is the cleanest energy carrier.

Judging by the reviews, electric heating at home has an impressive list of indisputable advantages. In addition, it is often just the only affordable way to heat a building.

Already at the stage of developing a project for an electric type heating system, it becomes obvious that a similar method of creating a comfortable temperature in a house during the cold season is the most economical and cheapest. And this despite the fact that the speed of installation of electrical equipment is much higher than that which differs the laying and installation of heating schemes of other types. In some cases, the cost-effectiveness of the decision is a decisive factor for the owners. Electric heating at home will be the most profitable option, despite the constant increase in prices for this type of energy carrier. After all, the current technology currently offers the use of high efficiency.

Benefits of heating from a power outlet

Electric heating at home has certain advantages. They are:

1. Simplicity and ease of installation. To carry out installation with your own hands, you will not need special knowledge and an expensive tool. The equipment required for installation is small in size. Its installation is quick and inexpensive. All devices designed for the operation of such a system are easily transported and can be transferred from one room to another. The owners will not need to separate a separate room for the boiler room. Such a system does not need a chimney.
2. Security. The use of electrical equipment for heating a private house will prevent the formation of carbon monoxide. In this case, products from combustion will be completely absent. There will be no harmful emissions in such a system, even if it is broken and further disassembled.
3. Low initial cost. When installing such a system, you will not need to invite special services and obtain permits.
4. Reliability and noiselessness. Judging by the reviews of experts, electric heating does not require regular service. In addition, all installations installed in the house will work silently due to the absence of a circulation pump and fan in the system.
5. Simplicity of operation. Such a system does not have elements that can quickly fail. During its operation, it is not necessary to constantly monitor the fuel level and sensors.
6. High level of efficiency. The electric heating system installed in the house for a short time is able to heat the building even on the coldest days. And special equipment that allows you to adjust the temperature in each room will significantly reduce material costs in the cold period.

Disadvantages of heating from the outlet

The main disadvantage of the electric heating system is impressive. In some regions, prices for this energy source are quite high, which makes this option unprofitable.

Such systems have another drawback. It is volatility. If for one reason or another there is no electricity, then heating the house becomes simply impossible.

The third disadvantage is the unstable voltage that is observed in the network, especially in rural areas. You can solve this problem by purchasing your own generator. However, this will significantly increase financial costs.
  Those who decide to heat the house with electricity will need to take into account the power and condition of the wiring. A large private house in this case will require three-phase network equipment. It will be necessary to know exactly the power that enters the building, and that part of it that can be allocated for heating.

Type of system

What can be heating a house with electricity? The type of such a system is possible air, water or steam. Also, heating a house is sometimes done with the use of underfloor heating.

The main characteristics of each of these systems will be discussed below. However, whichever of them was chosen, it is worth remembering that its maximum efficiency can be achieved only if the house is well insulated. The owners should also pay attention to this question.

Steam heating

Such a system is very effective, but at the same time, judging by the reviews of experts, it is very dangerous. After all, heating radiators, as well as pipes coming to them, heat up to almost a hundred degrees. Such a system is similar to a water system, but at the same time it is more economical at the stage of arrangement. It requires fewer radiators, and also allows the use of narrower pipes in its section.

However, due to the high danger, the steam system is prohibited in multi-apartment buildings and public buildings. As for private housing, it can be used for it. The heat source in such a system will be a steam electric boiler.

Air heating

This type of heating of premises is possible with the use of various devices operating from the outlet. Such a heating scheme is good in that the devices immediately begin to raise the air temperature in the room. There is no need for installation work. That is, it is enough for the owners to buy a device, install it and plug it into a power outlet.

To date, the construction market offers a large number of heating devices that operate on a 220 V network. There are devices that operate directly. Also those are offered in which the circulating heat carrier is used - water, oil or antifreeze. How to choose from the whole variety the best for electric heating at home? You will need to familiarize yourself with each of the types of such devices in more detail.

Oil coolers

When choosing the best electric heating for a private house, you should pay attention to these devices. After all, they have been known to consumers for a long time and still have not lost their popularity.

Oil units are mobile devices (often on wheels), the operation of which is carried out directly from the 220 V outlet. Their efficiency is 100% due to the direct transfer of electrical energy to heat, bypassing any transmission devices. However, it should be borne in mind that the use of an oil radiator will create a comfortable temperature in only one room with a small area. For heating the whole house, this method is clearly not suitable.

Electroconvector

When using such a device, economical electric heating of the house can be carried out. The use of an electric convector is a fairly effective and popular way to create and maintain a comfortable temperature not only in a small room, but also in a large private house. At the same time, the device will allow maintaining a proper balance of air humidity without burning oxygen.

Anyone who asks the question “Which electric heating is better for a private house?” Should consider using a convector. After all, such a device has excellent technical characteristics and a wide range of capacities.

The basis of the convector is a heater. This is the element by which electrical energy is converted into heat. The principle of operation of the device is based on air convection. The cold stream passes through the slots located in the bottom of the device, and then, after heating, already heated, it goes through the upper slots.

An electric convector is an assembly enclosed in a metal casing with an aesthetic appearance. This allows you to easily place the device in any interior. At the same time, some owners acquire floor convectors, but wall-mounted devices are more popular.

Air conditioning

A similar device, if it is in heating mode, can also be assigned to devices to maintain a comfortable temperature, working from the outlet. Experts consider such an electric thing. The fact that the costs incurred during the operation of the air conditioner are consistent with the heat generated by it. At the same time, costs can always be reduced by adjusting the device.

However, air conditioners have a number of disadvantages. The most important of them is the complexity of their maintenance. In addition, such a unit has a high initial cost. Investing significant financial costs requires its repair in case of breakdown.

Infrared heating

Equipment of this type can be safely classified as innovative. At the same time, his device in a residential building to maintain a comfortable temperature in it continues to confidently gain popularity. The infrared (film) system is worth paying attention to those owners who do not yet know which electric heating is better for a private house. After all, such a system is economical in operation, although it has a high cost of equipment, as well as installation.

The principle of operation of such heating is to transfer the heat generated by it to nearby objects, the surface of which then produces air heating. Infrared devices require a small amount of energy. In addition, they are able to perform not only zonal, but also point heating, which eliminates the irrational temperature distribution. Even after turning off the equipment, objects heated by it for a long time remain and continue to give off heat. Mounting and disassembling such a system is quite simple, which allows you to do such work with your own hands.

Warm floor

Such a heating system can be used both as the main and as additional. What is the principle of her work? The heat from the heating elements in the form of a single or two-core cable mounted in the floor covering begins to rise evenly, reaching the ceiling.

A significant advantage of this method is its long service life of about 80 years. In addition, underfloor heating is environmentally friendly and easy to maintain.

Among the disadvantages of such a system is its instability to mechanical damage. In addition, if repair is necessary, it will not be possible to do without dismantling the floor covering. And this will lead to additional material costs.

The use of electric boilers

Most often, in order to create a comfortable temperature in all rooms of a residential building, equipment is used in which the heating fluid is heated. Such units are double-circuit electric boilers. They have a relatively low cost and can very well be mounted with their own hands. At the same time, their use allows not only to heat residential premises. With the help of electric double-circuit boilers for heating a private house, the hosts provide themselves with hot water.

Based on the heating method, such equipment is divided into three types. These are heating elements, electrode, as well as induction for heating a house. The best of them can be selected based on the existing conditions and preferences of the owners. Consider each of the types of such equipment in more detail.

Heating boilers

Such electrical equipment can be attributed to the traditional form. In such devices, heating of the liquid occurs with the help of the usual ten. This element, when heated, then gives off the heat it generates to water, which delivers it to the room radiators through a pipe system. Given for home heating - economical. It is quite easy to install. At the same time, a temperature regulator is maintained in its design that maintains a given temperature. The power consumption of such equipment is regulated by turning off the selected number of heating elements. However, scale is easily accumulated on the heating elements of such boilers, which destroys the unit. How to avoid a similar problem? Experts recommend in such cases to use various descaling agents.

Electrode boilers

Judging by expert reviews, such equipment is unique in its safety. Indeed, instead of heating elements, electrodes are installed in it, completely immune to leakage of the coolant. If there is no water in the device, then it simply stops its work. The principle of operation of such equipment is based on the effect of the electrode on free ions. As a result of this, water is heated. In an electrode electric double-circuit boiler, limescale never forms for heating a house. But at the same time, experts warn that over time, it destroys the electrodes that must be replaced. In addition, only water can act as a coolant in such a boiler. The use of non-freezing fluid is prohibited.

Induction boilers

This equipment includes a radiator and a pipeline through which the coolant circulates. The best electric boilers for heating an induction-type house can be recognized due to the lack of a heating element in them. The emitter in the device generates an electromagnetic field that interacts with the metal. This creates vortex flows that transfer their energy to the coolant.

Induction power consumption for heating a house is 220V. Its advantages are ease of installation and further maintenance. In addition, such an aggregate has no wearing elements, and the formation of scale in it is possible only in minimal volumes. Experts recommend the use of such boilers for heating large rooms using a coolant in the form of water, oil or antifreeze.

A significant drawback of such equipment is its impressive size and high cost. In addition, damage to the integrity of the circuit leads such a boiler to failure due to a dangerous increase in temperature.

The most economical way to heat a private home is with an autonomous natural gas system. But often, for objective reasons, such an opportunity is far from everywhere. Solid fuel boilers or heating from a fireplace / stove with a closed firebox (if the house is small) is in the second place in terms of cost of heat energy, but if we take into account the need for fuel storage and the complexity of maintenance, not everyone likes this heating method. Storage of liquefied gas requires expensive containers. And liquid fuel, in addition to storage difficulties, is characterized by expensive equipment and poor environmental performance. All these shortcomings are deprived of electric heating of a private house. In addition to one - the high cost of energy. Although in this case there are opportunities to reduce the burden on the family budget. What are the features of heating a house with electricity, the most economical way that you can heat a house with energy, we will consider in our article.

Electric heaters do not need chimneys and they can be installed anywhere

Which heaters are not suitable for the heating system

Sometimes you have to read unfair criticism of some types of heating appliances. They are criticized not for real flaws, but for fictitious ones. Although at the end of criticism the conclusions are made completely correct - these devices can only be used as auxiliary heaters, and it is impossible to build an economical heating system with their help.

Oil radiator

It is considered uneconomical - critics argue that it should not be used as a heating device because of the high energy consumption and low return. But it is precisely this type of device that has one of the highest efficiency - about 98%. That is, it converts almost all electrical energy into heat (no one has yet repealed the energy conservation law), and those insignificant losses of 2% are due to the resistance of the inner walls of the radiator to the coolant. Yes, it is inertial - it heats up for a long time, but also cools for a long time.

   Another drawback is that the room with its help warms up for a long time.

But this is a property of all batteries, including water heating, in which the main method of heat transfer is natural convection, and it proceeds slowly.

The main disadvantage is the “crude” power adjustment and the use of mechanical thermostats. And such inaccurate temperature control makes the oil cooler ineffective when trying to optimize the cost of heating with electricity in a private house. And yet, he has a rather high body temperature when working at full capacity, which is dangerous if there are small children in the house.

There are models of oil radiators that can be hung on the wall

Fan heater

It is often written about a fan heater that it burns oxygen. But the “burning of oxygen” is nothing but the process of oxidation (burning), but the maximum that can burn at a rather low temperature of the spiral is organic dust in the air. Therefore, talking about burning oxygen (after all, no firewood burns) is incorrect, since this insignificant amount should be replenished as a result of mandatory ventilation of the room.

The efficiency of such a device is slightly lower than that of an oil radiator (part of the electric energy is consumed by the fan), but it is not very different, given that the engine power of the fan itself is small (about 50 W out of the total 1 or 2 kW). The advantage is a very quick warm-up of the room. Disadvantages - a constant noise level (albeit insignificant) and dust transfer throughout the room. And the main drawback of these household appliances is manual power adjustment and the illusory possibility of creating an automated heating system based on fan heaters.

The fan heater is the most compact heater, and it is great for heating a small area

Therefore, it must again be emphasized that the main reason because of which some types of electric heaters are not suitable for heating a house is not the efficiency (almost all of them are above 95%), but the impossibility of automating system control. It is this factor that does not allow optimizing the operation of the heating system, and without this it is impossible to make heating a house cheap with electricity.

Efficient Electric Heating Methods

Electric heating in a private house has the main advantages over all others - these are simple and accurate methods for monitoring and regulating the operation of all nodes and elements. Even sensors and the display of information on operating modes are more accurate than equipment on other types of energy carriers.

Individual electric heating of a private house has three options for heating systems:

autonomous water heating systems based on electric boilers:

the use of infrared ceramic heaters;

electric convectors with electronic thermostats.

All these systems can be adapted into the “smart home” system, and controlled remotely.

Differences between gas heating and electricity in the video:

   On our site you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of electrical work. You can talk directly with representatives by visiting the Low-Rise Country exhibition of houses.

Electric boiler heating

This is a classic diagram of an autonomous heating system. There are two options for heating the coolant - indirect and direct.

There are two types of indirect heating electric boilers: heating elements and induction ones.

The device and the principle of operation of the heating elements of the heating elements are quite simple - there is a heating coil enclosed in a sealed metal shell with a dielectric heat-conducting filler, the heat from the spiral is transferred through the filler to the surface of the heating element shell, with which the coolant of the heating system is in contact.

This is how the “filling” of a 9 kW TENO boiler looks like, which despite its compact size is able to heat a house with an area of \u200b\u200b100 m2

Induction boilers have appeared for domestic heating systems relatively recently. Their principle of action is the property of metals to heat under the influence of an alternating magnetic field. The heating element itself is an inductive coil with a core made of a ferromagnetic alloy, through which the coolant passes through the "secondary winding".

The scheme of the induction heater

A feature of electric direct heating boilers is that water acts not only as a coolant, but is also part of the electrical circuit - an alternating current between the electrodes passes through it. Hence the name of the boilers - electrode.

Each type of boiler has its drawbacks. In the heating elements, scale is formed, which leads to a decrease in the useful power and resource of the boiler. Induction - quite expensive, bulky and have a "step" power control. Electrode ones have severe restrictions on the quality and composition of water, which must have a specific electrical resistivity to alternating current.

Cascade of four electrode boilers for heating a large house

Well, the main drawback of heating a country house with an electric boiler is the presence of the coolant itself and the “bulky" circulation system from pipes and batteries. The arrangement of such a system is costly, and the efficiency compared to direct-acting electric heaters may be less if circulating pumps are used.

Infrared heaters

There are several types of heaters that use radiation (radiation) as a transfer of thermal energy. This transmission method is considered to be the most effective for heating a room - first, objects standing in the way of infrared radiation are heated, and then air is heated from them, due to secondary convection.

Clearly about infrared heaters in the video:

There are three fundamentally different types of infrared heaters:

reflectors in which the incandescent spiral is enclosed in a quartz glass bulb;

panel - in a ceramic monolithic plate "sealed" TEN;

film - with carbon coating on a polymer film.

Heating a house with electricity of the first type type refers to heaters operating in the short-wave range of infrared radiation.

   Such devices can be used as an additional heater, but not as a basic element of the heating system of a private house with electricity.

Disadvantages - the lowest efficiency (due to the visible part of the radiation), the lack of precise temperature control and the high temperature of the case.

The second type of device operates in the soft long-wave range. The maximum temperature of the ceramic panel does not exceed 90 ° C, but on the case it is even lower. There are two types of control - mechanical and electronic thermostat. The first option involves manual control and its accuracy is low. Using electronic thermostats, you can set the temperature with an accuracy of 1 ° C.

The infrared panel is so safe that it can be hung on wooden walls.

Film heaters are the most efficient. Usually they are used as part of a warm floor, but in principle they can be mounted on walls or on the ceiling. But it is the installation as part of the flooring that most of all corresponds to the correct and uniform heating of the room. Operation is controlled automatically using the pair “temperature sensor-thermostat”.

If there is not enough space on the floor, then the film heater can be mounted on any free plane

Convectors

In appearance, convectors are very similar to panel ceramic heaters, but inside the metal case there is an “open” heater, enclosed inside a plate radiator. The fundamental difference in the method of heating is that cold air enters the housing through the bottom row of holes, in contact with the radiator, heats up and exits through the top row of holes.

The convector body not only serves as a protection for the heater, but also increases the speed of the upward flow. Due to this, with the same power, space heating is faster than from a battery of water heating.

Stylish convector panel looks great in a modern interior

Like panel ceramic heaters, there are two types of thermostats - mechanical and electronic. And it is electronic work control that provides precision adjustment and the ability to work in several modes:

individual, with manual control, used to heat a separate room;

group work of several devices under the control of one (common) thermostat, which ensures uniform heating of a large area or the same heating mode of several rooms;

intelligent, control using a remote control, connect to a GSM module and control using standard commands from a remote terminal (mobile communications, Internet), connect to a router and control via a local network and / or Internet.

What is better to choose: an electric boiler or an electric convector - clearly in the video:

An example of a real system with an intelligent home electric heating control circuit

NOBO, a leading European manufacturer of convectors, manufactures two interconnected systems of "smart" control of the operation of electrical appliances. Including “underfloor heating” (through the thermostat) and any other household appliances that are connected to the network (through the shield, “open” in the circuit or turning on / off the sockets). To do this, they produce special thermostats, socket receivers and flush-mounted relay receivers.

With the help of such a system, it is possible to monitor and control the operation of up to 100 devices or group zones. And the 700 series thermostats provide 4 convector operation modes: comfortable, economical, non-freezing (air temperature 7 ° C) and “off”. According to the manufacturer, the flexibility of such a control system for convectors and underfloor heating can save up to 25% on electric heating of a house.

One of two control circuits of a multi-zone electrical system

As a result - how to optimize electric heating

In addition to the competent selection of heating equipment, an efficient and optimal (from the point of view of costs) heating system with electricity is possible only with comprehensive insulation of the house - starting from the basement and ending with the roof. Otherwise, the cost of heating the blown house will be significantly higher, even despite the high efficiency of the heater itself, and heating the house with electricity is unlikely to be cheap.