1908 Tunguska meteorite. Tunguska meteorite: natural phenomenon or artificial phenomenon

The 360 \u200b\u200bTV channel was investigating why so far no fragments of the Tunguska meteorite have been found, which provoked a powerful explosion.

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Exactly 109 years ago, a powerful explosion occurred in Siberia caused by the fall of the Tunguska meteorite. Despite the fact that more than a century has passed since that moment, many white spots still remain in this story. "360" tells what is known about the fallen cosmic body.

In the early morning of June 30, 1908, when the inhabitants of the northern part of Eurasia still had dreams, a terrible natural cataclysm almost broke out over them. Many generations of people did not remember anything like this. Something similar could be seen after almost 40 years at the end of the most terrible war in history.

That morning, an explosion of monstrous power thundered over the deep Siberian taiga in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Podkamennaya Tunguska River. Later, scientists estimated its power at 40-50 megatons. Only the famous Khrushchev’s “Tsar bomb” or “Kuzkin’s mother” could emit such energy. The bombs that the Americans dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki were much weaker. People who lived at that time in large cities in the north of Europe were lucky that this event did not happen over them. The consequences of the explosion in this case would be much worse.

Explosion over taiga

The place where the Tunguska meteorite fell on June 30, 1908 in the basin of the Podkamennaya Tunguska River (now Evenki National District of the Krasnoyarsk Territory of the RSFSR). Photo: RIA Novosti.

The fall to Earth of an unknown space alien did not go unnoticed. A few eyewitnesses, taiga hunters and pastoralists, as well as residents of small settlements scattered in Siberia, saw the flight of a huge fireball over the taiga. Later, an explosion was also heard, the echo of which was caught far from the scene. Glass was knocked out in the houses hundreds of kilometers away, and the observatories of different countries of the world in both hemispheres recorded the blast wave. A few more days in the sky from the Atlantic to Siberia, flickering clouds and an unusual glow of the sky were observed. After the incident, people began to recall that two or three days before they noticed strange atmospheric phenomena - glows, halo, bright twilight. But whether it was a fantasy or a truth, it is not certain to establish.

First expedition

Soviet scientist A. Zolotov (left) takes soil samples at the site of the fall of the Tunguska meteorite. Photo: RIA Novosti.

Mankind found out what happened at the scene of the catastrophe much later - only 19 years later, the first expedition was sent to the area where the mysterious celestial body fell. The initiator of the study of the meteorite’s impact site, which was not yet called Tunguska, was the scientist Leonid Alekseevich Kulik. He was a specialist in mineralogy and celestial bodies and led a newly created expedition to find them. He came across a description of a mysterious phenomenon in the pre-revolutionary issue of the Siberian Life newspaper. In the text, the place of the event was indicated explicitly, and even eyewitness accounts were cited. People even mentioned the "tip of the meteorite sticking out of the ground."

The hut of the first expedition of researchers led by Leonid Kulik in the area of \u200b\u200bthe fall of the Tunguska meteorite. Photo: Vitaly Bezrukikh / RIA Novosti.

At the beginning of the 1920s, Kulik’s expedition managed to collect only scattered memories of those who remembered a flaming ball in the night sky. This made it possible to approximately establish the area where the space guest fell, where the researchers went in 1927.

Aftermath of an explosion

The place of the explosion of the Tunguska meteorite. Photo: RIA Novosti.

The first expedition found that the consequences of the cataclysm were tremendous. Even according to preliminary estimates, a forest on an area of \u200b\u200bmore than two thousand square kilometers was tumbled down in the fall area. The trees were rooted to the center of the giant circle, pointing the way to the epicenter. When they managed to get to him, the first puzzles appeared. In the alleged area of \u200b\u200bthe fall, the forest remained standing on the vine. The trees stood dead and almost completely devoid of bark. No crater traces were observed anywhere.

Attempts to solve the mystery. Funny hypotheses

A place in the taiga near the Podkamennaya Tunguska River, where 80 years ago (June 30, 1908) a fiery body fell, called the Tunguska meteorite. Here, on the taiga lake, is the laboratory of the expedition to study this disaster. Photo: RIA Novosti.

Kulik devoted his whole life to the search for the Tunguska meteorite. From 1927 to 1938, several expeditions to the epicenter area were carried out. But the celestial body was never found, not a single fragment of it was found. There were not even dents from the blow. Hope was given by several large recesses, but a detailed study revealed that these are thermokarst pits. Even aerial photography did not help in the search.

The next expedition was scheduled for 1941, but it was not destined to take place - the war began, which pushed all other issues in the life of the country into the background. At its very beginning, Leonid Alekseevich Kulik went to the front as a volunteer in the division of the militia. The scientist died of typhus in the occupied territory in the city of Spas-Demensk.

Forest fall in the area of \u200b\u200bthe fall of the Tunguska meteorite. Photo: RIA Novosti.

They returned to the study of the problem and the search for the crater or meteorite itself only in 1958. A scientific expedition organized by the Committee on meteorites of the USSR Academy of Sciences went to the Podkamennaya Tunguska in the taiga. She also did not find a single fragment of a celestial body. Over the years, the Tunguska meteorite attracted many different scientists, researchers and even writers. So, science fiction writer Alexander Kazantsev suggested that an interplanetary starship that failed to make a soft landing exploded over the Siberian taiga that night. Other hypotheses have been put forward, serious and not very. The funniest of them was the assumption that existed among researchers of the crash site, tortured by midges and mosquitoes: they believed that a huge ball of winged bloodsuckers exploded over the forest, into which a lightning bolt hit.

So what was that

Diamond-graphite splices from the site of the fall of the Tunguska meteorite on the Podkamennaya Tunguska River in the vicinity of the Vanavara village in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Photo: RIA Novosti.

To date, the main version is the comet origin of the Tunguska meteorite. This also explains the lack of finds of fragments of the celestial body, because comets are composed of gas and dust. Research, research and the construction of new hypotheses are ongoing. The mysterious meteorite, repeatedly mentioned in books, comics, films, TV shows and even in music, may still be waiting for someone to find fragments of it. The mystery of the origin and "death" of the celestial body awaits the final solution. Humanity thanks the occasion for the fact that the Tunguska meteorite (or comet?) Fell in the dense taiga. If this happened in the center of Europe, most likely, the whole modern history of the Earth would have seriously changed. And in honor of Leonid Alekseevich Kulik - romance and discoverer - a small planet and a crater on the moon are named.

Alexander Zhirnov

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In the early morning of June 30, 1908, an explosion occurred over the taiga in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Podkamennaya Tunguska River. According to experts, its power was approximately 2,000 times greater than the explosion of an atomic bomb.

Facts

In addition to the Tunguska, an amazing phenomenon was also called the Khatanga, Turukhansk and Filimonov meteorites. After the explosion, a magnetic disturbance was noted lasting about 5 hours, and during the flight of the Tunguska car a bright glow was reflected in the northern rooms of nearby villages.

According to various estimates, the TNT equivalent of the Tunguska explosion is almost equal to one or two bombs detonated over Hiroshima.

For all the phenomenality of what happened, a scientific expedition led by L. A. Kulik to the site of the “meteorite fall” took place only twenty years later.

Meteorite theory
The first and most mysterious version lasted until 1958, when a rebuttal was published. According to this theory, the Tunguska body is a huge iron or stone meteorite.

But even now, her echoes haunt contemporaries. Even in 1993, a group of American scientists conducted research, concluding that the object could be a meteorite that exploded at an altitude of about 8 km. It was precisely the traces of the meteorite’s fall that Leonid Alekseevich and the team of scientists were looking for at the epicenter, although they were confused by the initial absence of the crater and a forest felled from the center.

Fantastic theory


Not only the inquisitive minds of scientists are occupied by the Tunguska riddle. No less interesting is the theory of science fiction writer A.P. Kazantsev, who pointed to the similarity between the events of 1908 and the explosion in Hiroshima.

In his original theory, Alexander Petrovich suggested that the accident and the explosion of the nuclear reactor of an interplanetary spacecraft were to blame.

If we take into account the calculations of A. A. Sternfeld, one of the pioneers of astronautics, it was on June 30, 1908 that a unique opportunity was created for flying around the unmanned aerial probe of Mars, Venus and the Earth.

Nuclear theory
In 1965, Nobel laureates, American scientists C. Cowenny and V. Libby developed the idea of \u200b\u200ba colleague L. Lapaz about the anti-matter nature of the Tunguska incident.

They suggested that as a result of the collision of the Earth and a certain mass of antimatter, annihilation and release of nuclear energy occurred.

Ural geophysicist A. V. Zolotov analyzed the movement of the car, the magnetogram and the nature of the explosion, said that only an “internal explosion” of its own energy could lead to such consequences. Despite the arguments of the opponents of the idea, nuclear teria is still the leader in terms of the number of adherents among experts in the field of the Tunguska problem.

Ice comet


One of the latter is the hypothesis of an ice comet, which was put forward by the physicist G. Bybin. The hypothesis arose on the basis of the diaries of the researcher of the Tunguska problem, Leonid Kulik.

At the place of "fall" the latter found a substance in the form of ice covered with peat, but did not pay much attention to it. Bybin claims that this compressed ice, found 20 years later at the scene, is not a sign of permafrost, but a direct indication of the ice comet.

According to the scientist, an ice comet consisting of water and carbon just scattered on the Earth, touching it at speed, like with a hot frying pan.

Tesla is to blame?

At the beginning of the XXI century, a curious theory appeared, indicating the connection of Nikola Tesla with the Tunguska events. A few months before the incident, Tesla claimed that he could light the way for traveler Robert Peary to the North Pole. Then he requested maps of the "least populated parts of Siberia."

Allegedly, on this day, June 30, 1908, Nikola Tesla conducted an experiment with the transfer of energy "through the air." According to the theory, the scientist managed to “swing” a wave filled with impulse energy of ether, which entailed a discharge of incredible power, comparable to an explosion.

Other theories
At the moment, there are several dozen diverse theories that correspond to various criteria of what happened. Many of them are fantastic and even absurd.

For example, mention is made of the disintegration of a flying saucer or a gravelobolid flying out of the ground. A. Olkhovatov, a physicist from Moscow, is absolutely convinced that the event of 1908 is a type of earthquake, and Krasnoyarsk researcher D. Timofeev explained that the reason was an explosion of natural gas, which was set on fire by a meteor that entered the atmosphere.

American scientists M. Rian and M. Jackson said that the destruction was caused by a collision with a “black hole”, and physicists V. Zhuravlev and M. Dmitriev believe that the blame is the breakthrough of a clot of solar plasma and the ensuing explosion of several thousand ball lightning.

For more than 100 years since the incident, it was not possible to come to a single hypothesis. None of the proposed versions was able to fully meet all the proven and irrefutable criteria, such as the passage of a high-altitude body, a powerful explosion, an air wave, a tree burn at the epicenter, atmospheric optical anomalies, magnetic disturbances, and isotope accumulation in the soil.

Interesting finds

Often versions were based on unusual finds made near the study area. In 1993, corresponding member of the Petrovsky Academy of Sciences and Arts, Y. Lavbin, as part of the research expedition of the Tunguska Phenomenon Space Public Foundation (now its president), discovered unusual stones near Krasnoyarsk, and in 1976 discovered in the Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic “Your iron”, recognized as a fragment of a cylinder or sphere with a diameter of 1.2 m.

Often mention is also made of the anomalous "devil's cemetery" area of \u200b\u200babout 250 square meters, located in the Angara taiga of the Kezhemsky district of the Krasnoyarsk Territory.

Plants and animals perish on the site formed by something “fallen from the sky”; people prefer to bypass it. The consequences of the June morning of 1908 also include the unique geological object Patomsky crater located in the Irkutsk region and discovered in 1949 by geologist V.V. Kolpakov. The height of the cone is about 40 meters, the diameter along the ridge is about 76 meters.

On June 30, 1908, in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Podkamennaya Tunguska River (approximately 60 km north and 20 km west of the village of Vanavara), a motion of a luminous body in the atmosphere of the earth was recorded. After that, at an altitude of 10-20 km. from the surface of the Earth there was an explosion with a capacity of 4-50 megatons (this is several hundred nuclear bombs). Within a radius of 40 km. trees were felled (this is approximately 5000 sq. km.), and within a radius of 200 km. broken glass houses. After the incident, several more weeks could be observed in the sky above this place.

Eyewitness accounts

... suddenly in the north the sky bifurcated, and a fire appeared in it wide and high above the forest, which covered the entire northern part of the sky. At that moment I felt so hot, as if a shirt had caught fire on me. I wanted to tear and throw off my shirt, but the sky slammed shut, and there was a strong blow. I was thrown from the porch by three fathoms. After the blow, there was such a knock, as if stones had fallen from the sky or shot from guns, the earth was trembling, and when I lay on the ground I pressed my head, fearing that the stones would not break their heads. At that moment, when the sky opened, a hot wind swept from the north, like a cannon, which left tracks in the form of tracks on the ground. Then it turned out that many of the glasses in the windows were broken out, and an iron tab for the door lock broke at the barn.

Semen Semenov, resident of the Vanavar trading post, located 70 km southeast of the epicenter of the explosion

Our plague then stood on the bank of Avarkitta. Before sunrise, Chekaren and I came from the Dilyushma River, where we stayed with Ivan and Akulina. We slept soundly. Suddenly both woke up at once - someone was pushing us. We heard a whistle and sensed a strong wind. Chekaren shouted to me: “Do you hear how many gogol flies or mergansers?” We were still in the plague and we could not see what was happening in the forest. Suddenly someone pushed me again, so hard that I hit my head on a plague pole and then fell on the hot coals in the hearth. I was scared. Chekaren also got scared, grabbed a pole. We began to scream father, mother, brother, but no one answered. There was some kind of noise behind the plague; one could hear the woods falling. Chekaren and I got out of the bags and already wanted to jump out of the plague, but suddenly the thunder hit very hard. This was the first blow. The earth began to twitch and swing, a strong wind hit our plague and tumbled it down. I was crushed firmly by the poles, but my head was not covered, because the hellos lifted up. Then I saw a terrible wonder: the woods are falling, the needles are burning on them, the dry land on the ground is burning, the deer moss is burning. Smoke, eyes hurt, hot, very hot, you can burn.

Suddenly, over the mountain, where the forest had already fallen, it became very light, and, as if to tell you that the second sun had appeared, the Russians would say: “suddenly flashed,” my eyes hurt, and I even closed them. It seemed that the Russians called "lightning." And immediately there was agdillan, a strong thunder. This was the second blow. The morning was sunny, there were no clouds, our sun was shining brightly, as always, and then a second sun appeared!

Evenki brothers, Chuchanchi and Chekaren Shanyagir, located 30 km from the center of the explosion to the southeast, on the banks of the Avarkit river

Expeditions

It is not surprising, but the first expedition that was sent to the meteorite impact site took place in 1921 with the support of academicians V.I. Vernadsky and A.E. Fersman: mineralogists L.A. Kulikov and P.L. Dravert incident and tried to find out as many facts as possible about this event. In part, they succeeded: pieces of a meteorite were found, the situation was documented, hypotheses of what was happening were formed.

But here's the bad luck: why didn’t the government pay attention to such a powerful explosion that in those years could erase virtually any country from the face of the Earth? Was it really necessary for anyone? Of course, it’s necessary, and one of the versions is as follows: the authorities eliminated the consequences of this incident for 13 years, and after that, national scientists have already admitted there. This is how the meteorite’s fall site looks today:

• In the atmosphere of the Earth, not one hundred people saw a brightly luminous cosmic body.
• Explosion coordinates: 60 ° 53 north latitude and 101 ° 53 east longitude.
• There is no crater at the place where the “meteorite” fell, and, therefore, it exploded in the air, which cannot be the case with an ordinary meteorite.
• The trees in the district burned out from the inside, the bark was not affected outside, the effect is like the action of a microwave oven, i.e. something like radio waves.
• There was an air wave that knocked out the glass of houses and destroyed some buildings.
• After the explosion, seismic phenomena are observed.
• The magnetic field near the scene is broken.

Let's look at the version of scientists about what it could be and why it was of no interest to anyone?

Nikola Tesla's experiments with wireless power transmission

Nikola Tesla made a breakthrough in the field of electro and radio theory. His main task in life was to transmit electrical pulses by air, from point A to point B. Entry from the Tesla diary: “The time will come when some scientific genius will come up with a machine capable of destroying one or several armies with one action.” Perhaps this was one of the experiments of the scientist-genius, most of whose works are classified to this day.

Saving the Earth by Outsiders of the Universe

Perhaps a huge meteorite was moving toward the Earth, which in a collision would simply split it. Upon seeing this, alien beings for some reason decided to help us, but they managed to knock down (blow up) a meteorite just before it touched the Earth. Hence, a powerful explosion and the absence of a crater. In support of this hypothesis, metal rods of huge sizes, which were found near the place of incidence, can be cited. No one knows where they came from, but it is possible that the spacecraft was damaged and spent some time on the ground, putting itself in order.

Earth collision with antimatter

Antimatter is the substance that scientists say are made up of. In contact with ordinary matter, i.e. any object, from the Earth, which could be in the air, a tremendous amount of energy is released. 1 gram of antimatter during an explosion could provide all of humanity with energy for several days.

Spacecraft fall

According to Kazantsev, in 1908, an interrupted planetary ship with a nuclear engine invaded the Earth’s atmosphere, which deliberately headed towards the uninhabited space and ended the flight there.

There are also other theories, such as the explosion of a cloud of methane released as a result of volcanic activity, or a meteorite falling from ice. So, for example, near the crash site Lake Cheko unexpectedly formed.

More than 105 years have passed since 1908, and in the hope of getting to the bottom of the truth, not one hundred expeditions were sent to the site of the fall of the Tunguska meteorite. But be that as it may, only those who appeared on the spot immediately after the incident know the true cause of what happened.

Podkamennaya Tunguska is a river in Russia, which is the right tributary of the Yenisei. It flows in the Irkutsk region and the Krasnoyarsk Territory, where the Tunguska meteorite fell. This event did not receive due attention in those days. However, later they studied it closely. And they didn’t find anything.

On the right bank of the river is the village of Podkamennaya Tunguska. After an unusual incident, this area became known throughout the world. The event still excites researchers. And not only in Russia. The phenomenon of the Tunguska meteorite excites the minds and foreign scientists.

The most famous phenomenon of the XX century

In what year and where did the Tunguska meteorite fall? The fall occurred on June 30, 1908. But the old style is June 17th. In the morning at 7 hours 17 minutes the sky over Siberia was lit up by a flash. An object with a fiery tail that flew to Earth was noticeable.

The explosion in the Podkamennaya Tunguska basin was deafening. He was 2,000 times the power of an atomic explosion in Hiroshima.

For reference, in 1945, 2 atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. They did not reach the ground, exploding in the atmosphere, but the force of the explosion destroyed many people. A desert formed on the site of flowering cities. Today 2 cities are completely rebuilt.

Consequences of the disaster

An explosion of unknown origin destroyed 2,000 km 2 of taiga, killed all living things that inhabited this area of \u200b\u200bthe forest. The shock wave made all Eurasia shudder and twice circled the globe.

Barometers at Cambridge and Petersfield stations recorded a jump in atmospheric pressure. The entire territory from Siberia to the borders of Western Europe admired the white nights. The phenomenon lasted from June 30 to July 2.

Scientists from Berlin and Hamburg in those days were attracted by silvery clouds in the sky. They were an accumulation of small particles of ice, which were thrown there by a volcanic eruption. However, no eruption was recorded.

But the incident did not attract proper attention. Somehow they quickly forgot about him, and then a revolution followed, a war. They returned to the study of the Tunguska meteorite only after decades.

And they found nothing but the consequences of the explosion in the area where the Tunguska meteorite fell. Neither fragments of the celestial body, nor any other traces of the cosmic guest.

Eyewitness accounts

Fortunately, they still managed to interrogate the inhabitants of the Podkamennaya Tunguski. A few days before the explosion, people observed unusual flashes in the sky.

The explosion itself shook all of Siberia. Locals saw animals thrown into the air by his power. The houses shuddered. And a bright flash appeared in the sky. A rumble was heard for another 20 minutes after the fall of an unknown body. By the way, many argue that in fact there was more than one blow. This was told by the old Tungus of Chuchancha. At first, 4 powerful strikes followed with the same periodicity, and 5 rang out somewhere in the distance. Residents of the village where the Tunguska meteorite fell fully felt the forces of the explosion.

At this time, all seismographic stations in Russia, Europe and America recorded a strange concussion of the earth's crust.

People claim that after the explosion there was a strange, frightening silence. No birds and other habitual forest sounds were heard. The sky has dimmed, and the leaves on the trees first acquired a yellow tint, then red. By night, they were completely blackened. A solid silver wall stood in the direction of the Podkamennaya Tunguska for 8 hours.

What exactly people saw in the sky is hard to say - each has its own version. Someone talks about a celestial body (each of the storytellers tells about a different form), someone about a fire that engulfed the whole sky. “The shirt on me seemed to catch fire,” an eyewitness told the events.

God of thunder

Today, trees again grow at the meteorite’s site. Their increased growth immediately after the disaster speaks of genetic mutations. They never occur in places where a meteorite falls, which refutes the logical version. Perhaps, where the Tunguska meteorite fell, a strong electromagnetic field was formed.

Giants struck by the blast wave still lie in even rows, indicating the direction of the explosion. Burnt trees with torn roots remind of a strange disaster.

The expedition, which arrived at the site of the explosion in the summer of 2017, examined fallen trees with a specialist. Local residents, representatives of the peoples of the lower Amur (Evenks, Oroks) believed that they had met with the god of thunder Agda - a human eater. It is noteworthy that the place where the Tunguska meteorite fell really resembles a giant bird or butterfly in shape.

Where did the Tunguska meteorite actually fall?

The heart of the disaster in the taiga resembles a crater. However, it is not. The cosmic body (most researchers believe that it was it) probably shattered into small pieces in a collision with the atmosphere. They could be scattered in different parts of the taiga. Therefore, no traces of the cosmic body were found in the epicenter of the explosion.

Lake Cheko is only 8 km from the meteorite impact area. Its depth reaches 50 meters and has a conical shape. Italian geologists have suggested that the lake was formed as a result of a meteorite impact.

However, in 2016, their Russian colleagues took samples of lake sediments and submitted for examination. It turned out that the lake is at least 280 years old. Perhaps even more.

One of the correspondents wrote that one of his neighbors was watching a flying star that fell into the water. Will the meteorite particles ever be found?

Comet burned before falling

One of the most popular and believable versions is a comet burnt in the atmosphere. A body of mud, ice, and snow might simply not have reached Earth. During the fall, it warmed up to several thousand degrees and scattered into small pieces at an altitude of 5-7 km above the ground. Therefore, the remains of him were not found.

However, traces of cometary dirt and water remained in the soil, at the place where the Tunguska meteorite fell. They were preserved in sphagnum mosses, which form peat. The layer formed in 1908 contains an increased content of cosmic dust.

Black and white?

The theory put forward by Andrey Tyunyaev has already been published in the journal. It is based on the fact of the existence of black and white holes.

A black hole absorbs microparticles. No one will ever know what happens to them after falling into her mouth. A black hole transforms matter into space. A white hole is capable of forming this substance from space. Both of them perform the function of the cycle of substances. That is, they perform opposite tasks. Tyunyaev is sure that all celestial bodies are formed precisely thanks to a white hole.

Perhaps the Tunguska meteorite really was the result of a white hole. But where did it come from in Siberia? There are 2 theories: either it was formed in outer space, near the Earth, or emerged from the bowels of our planet. And the explosion could provoke the contact of hydrogen, which is released during the operation of a white hole, with oxygen. During the explosion, only water is formed, which is a lot in the area of \u200b\u200bthe incident.

The white hole is a phenomenon so far poorly studied and even devoid of a sufficient number of theories. How her black sister is formed, scientists know. Perhaps they work together and complement each other. Perhaps these are two sides of the same object, which is connected by a wormhole.

Damn cemetery

Strange phenomena in the form of silence and blackened leaves can talk about the distortion of time, physicists say. The fact is that near the place of the fall of the Tunguska meteorite (facts confirm this information) there is an anomalous zone. She is called the Devil's Cemetery. This place earned terrible fame back in the mid-thirties.

The shepherds lost several cows during the herd's drive to the Cova River. Puzzled, they, along with the dogs, began to search for them. And soon came to a desert area, completely devoid of vegetation. There lay torn cows and dead birds. Dogs, tail tails, ran away, and the men managed to pull the cows with hooks. But their meat was inedible. Dogs who ran into the clearing also soon died from unknown diseases.

This area was explored by many expeditions. Four were missing in the taiga, the rest died soon after visiting the Devil's Cemetery.

Local residents claim that at night they see strange lights in those places and hear heartbreaking screams. Foresters are sure that they see ghosts in the forest.

Sensational assumption

The science fiction writer Kazantsev in 1908 voiced the version that an alien ship that had lost control of the plane fell to Earth. Therefore, the explosion occurred in the middle of the taiga, and not in a city or village - the ship was deliberately sent to an uninhabited area in order to save lives.

Kazantsev based his version on the assumption that the explosion was not nuclear, but air. Surprisingly, this theory was confirmed in 1958 by scientists - the explosion was really air. Medical examinations were conducted. And locals did not find any signs of radiation sickness. Perhaps, experts say, along with a meteorite, an unknown substance came to Earth. It kills all living things and distorts the passage of time.

Secrets of the Tunguska meteorite and interesting facts about it

To date, not one of the hypotheses (and there are more than a hundred) is able to explain all the features that accompanied the explosion.

Some interesting facts about the Tunguska meteorite:

1. If the disaster occurred 4 hours later, but in the same place where the Tunguska meteorite fell, the city of Vyborg would be destroyed. And St. Petersburg is significantly damaged.
2. 708 eyewitnesses of the event indicated a different direction of motion of the cosmic body. Most likely, two, or maybe three, objects collided at once.
3. Glass shook, objects fell, dishes broke. Women in horror ran out into the street, cried. They felt that the end of the world had come.
4. There is a version that the catastrophe was a consequence of the Russian revolution of 1905-1907. God was angry at St. Petersburg, so the direction of the shock wave pointed to this city.
5. Thundering sounds were heard both during the flight of the car and before and after its landing. And his light was so bright that it surpassed the sun.
6. The power of the explosion is estimated by experts at 40-50 megatons. This is a thousand times the power of the atomic bomb that America dropped on Hiroshima.

Finally

The place where the Tunguska meteorite fell (what area of \u200b\u200bthe epicenter of the events indicated above is the Krasnoyarsk Territory) is still of interest to researchers. Perhaps this phenomenon is one of the most mysterious events of the last century. Whether it will be solved one day is unknown.

At about 7 a.m. a large ball of fire flew over the territory of the Yenisei basin from the southeast to northwest. The flight ended in an explosion at an altitude of 7-10 km above the uninhabited area of \u200b\u200bthe taiga. The blast wave was recorded by observatories around the world, including in the western hemisphere. As a result of the explosion, trees were thrown over 2000 km, the glass was knocked out several hundred kilometers from the epicenter of the explosion. For several days in the territory from the Atlantic to central Siberia, intense glow of the sky and luminous clouds were observed.

The Tunguska meteoroid is a body, most likely, of comet origin, which caused an air explosion that occurred in the region of 60 ° 55 s. w. 101 ° 57 in. in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Podkamennaya Tunguska River on June 30, 1908 at 7 o’clock 14.5 ± 0.8 minutes local time (0 h 14.5 minutes GMT). The explosion power is estimated at 10-40 megatons, which corresponds to the energy of an average hydrogen bomb.

A blast wave in a radius of 40 kilometers was felled forest, animals were destroyed, people were injured. Due to the powerful flash of light and the flow of hot gases, a forest fire arose, which completed the devastation of the area. In a vast space, starting from the Yenisei River and ending with the Atlantic coast of Europe, several nights BEFORE  and after the event, unprecedented in scale and completely unusual light phenomena were observed, which went down in history under the name “bright nights of the summer of 1908”.

But the exact place of the fall is still not known. The map shows the area of \u200b\u200bthe likely place of impact of the Tunguska meteorite.

There is even a hypothesis that after TM the lake remained.

But the scientific community did not show much interest in this phenomenon. And only almost twenty years after the fall, in 1927, the first researchers who arrived at the site of the fall were discouraged by the picture before them: in a radius of about forty kilometers, all the vegetation was felled and burned, and the roots of the trees pointed to the epicenter. In the center stood pillar trees with cleanly chopped branches. But the most interesting thing is that neither this nor subsequent expeditions could not find even a hint of a meteorite or at least a crater, which according to all laws of physics should have formed at the place of its fall.

It is still not known whether this was a meteorite. For example, several weeks before the events in Tunguska, Nikola Tesla told the press that he could illuminate the journey of the traveler R. Piri’s expedition to the North Pole. And after his words in the night sky over Canada and the USA, people saw unusually silvery clouds. And in an interview with the New York Times, Nikola Tesla claimed that his experimental installations for wireless energy transfer could destroy any area of \u200b\u200bthe Earth and turn it into a lifeless desert.

literally on the eve of the "fall of the Tunguska meteorite" near Tesla on the table they saw a detailed map of Siberia, on which there were some marks just in the area where the explosions would subsequently occur. It was a lot of explosions, eyewitnesses claimed that there were five of them. Although there are no craters, probable meteorite impact sites ....

Relatively close is another amazing place "Elyu Cherkacheh" it is also the Death Valley

According to the legends of local residents, huge fireballs sometimes fly out of this area (once a thousand years), which lead to similar cataclysms.

Wiki: en: Tunguska meteorite en: Tunguska event de: Tunguska-Ereignis es: Bólido de Tunguska

This is a description of the attractions of the Tunguska meteorite 102.5 km north of Ust-Ilimsk, Krasnoyarsk Territory (Russia). As well as photos, reviews and a map of the surroundings. Find out the history, coordinates, where it is and how to get there. Check out other places on our interactive map, get more detailed information. Get to know the world better.