Name:Mustay Karim (Mustafa Karimov)

Age:   85 years

Activity:  poet, writer

Family status:  was married

Mustay Karim: biography

Mustay Karim is a famous Bashkir poet and writer. It is called the aksakal of national literature. In the fate of a man there were many trials. Even in the most difficult moments of life, he composes poems and prose, leaving personal experiences and the tangibility of time in lines and words. He writes about people who meet on the path of life, makes them the heroes of stories and tales, preserving the characters and destinies. The master’s works raised Bashkir literature to a new height and are the national treasure of Russia.

Childhood and youth

The full name of the writer Mustafa Safich Karimov. In accordance with Bashkir traditions - Mustay Karim. Appeared in a simple peasant family. He was the second child, and in total there were 12 brothers and sisters. The event took place on October 20, 1919. The house was in the village of Klyash, 30 kilometers from Ufa. Later, the area was renamed Chishminsky district. Unfortunately, for the descendants of the famous writer, the family nest has not survived to this day.

According to Mustafa Safich, his older mother was engaged in his upbringing. The head of the family had two wives, which took place in Muslim traditions. The boy considered her mother, until he found out that his father’s second, youngest wife was his real mother. Between the women in the house there was respect and mutual understanding.

At 19, Mustaya was admitted to the Republican Writers Union. During this period, the poet actively collaborates with the journal "Pioneer". He was the first of his brothers and sisters to graduate. In the fateful year for the Soviet Union, the young man graduated from the linguistic and literary department of the Bashkir State Pedagogical Institute. Gets a direction in Ermekeevo, where he was supposed to start teaching and teach schoolchildren Bashkir and Russian languages.

The war intervened in plans, and Karim, together with a group of fellow countrymen, goes to Murom, to the military communications school. After training as a junior sergeant, in 1942 he was sent to the Bryansk Front in the artillery division. Here he is seriously wounded in the chest and spends six months in hospitals.

After discharge, Karim returns to the front line again, but already as a correspondent for the military newspapers “For the Honor of the Homeland” and “Soviet Warrior”. I met victory in the capital of Austria, in Vienna. Immediately after the war, he is actively involved in peaceful life, continues to engage in creativity.

Poetry and prose

Theatrical performances and films were made for some works. The performance “The Moon and Leaf Fall” based on Mustai Karim’s novel “Pardon” is very popular with the audience.

In 1987, the film “On the Night of the Lunar Eclipse” appeared in the box office, the script for which was written based on the play of the same name. In 2004, Bulat Yusupov made a film based on the story Long, Long Childhood. Two more premieres are expected: the director will film the novel “The Joy of Our Home”, Ainur Arslanov removes “Taganok”.

Personal life

With his soulmate, Rauza Mustai met in 1939. After 2 years, the young married. Mustai and Rauza, after graduating from the pedagogical institute, were supposed to go to Yermekeevo together to work as teachers, but only their spouse left there. The husband was taken to the front.

When the poet was at the forefront, his son Ilgiz was born. For the first time, the father saw the baby when he was 9 months old. To do this, I had to ask the head doctor of the hospital, where I was recovering from a serious wound. Despite the unhealed wounds, the physician gave permission. He describes this case in his biography.

Son Ilgiz followed in the footsteps of a talented parent, is a member of the Writers' Union, is engaged in translations. Including translated into Russian the works of his father.

The youngest daughter Alfia, who was often called dad's daughter for her father’s love, was born in 1951. In 2013, together with her brother and son Timerbulat, she organized the Mustai Karim Foundation, which supports the development of the Bashkir language and literature.

The grandson of Timerbulat is a Russian entrepreneur and billionaire. Mustai Karim's dream was to have more great-grandchildren. Timerbulat and his wife Inga are a large family with five children.

In a marriage in Rauza, Mustafa Safich lived for 62 years. Talking about the personal life of his father, his daughter Alfia emphasizes that parents lived in perfect harmony, with respect for each other. The wife passed away in 1981. Mustafa Safich immediately felt empty in his soul. Alfia and her husband took all the cares of their father.

Death

Mustay Karim did not complain about his health. Like all front-line soldiers, I used to endure. He was taken to the hospital with cardiopulmonary insufficiency. About 10 days the writer was in intensive care. Everything seems to be getting better. He even managed to receive visitors, talked with them and found kind words for everyone.

September 21, 2005 Mustai Karim passed away. The cause of death is a double heart attack. The last refuge of the national poet of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was the Muslim cemetery in Ufa. A monument with a portrait engraved from the photograph is installed on the grave.

On this day, the whole country honored the memory of the son of the Bashkir people, the great poet and writer, with a minute of silence. After death, the streets of Bashkortostan and the Russian capital are called after him. State institutions bear his name, including the National Youth Theater of Bashkortostan. In Ufa, a 6-meter monument was erected.

In 2019, the Ufa Airport was named Mustai Karim.

Bibliography

• 1938 - a collection of poems "The detachment set off"
• 1942-1944 - the poem "Ulmasbay"
• 1945 - a collection of poems "Poems"
• 1947 - the play "The Wedding Continues"
• 1950 - the drama "Lonely Birch"
• 1951 - the story "The Joy of Our Home"
• 1954 - collection of poems "Europe - Asia"
• 1958 - comedy "Girl Abduction"
• 1960 - the drama "The Unsung Song"
• 1962 - the story "Taganok"
• 1967 - drama "Country Aigul"
• 1978 - the story "Long, long childhood"
• 1982-1985 - "Mercy"
• 1978 - a collection of poems "Four Times of Love"
• 1982 - collection of poems "Times"

Mustai Karim (Mustafa Safich Karimov) is a great Bashkir poet, writer, playwright, publicist, citizen and warrior, participant in the Great Patriotic War, holder of many military and labor orders and medals, an outstanding public figure.
  Born on October 20, 1919 in the village of Klyashevo, Chishminsky District, Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. In 1941 he graduated from the Faculty of Language and Literature of the Bashkir State Pedagogical Institute. He began his career in his studies: in 1938-1939 he worked in the journal "Pioneer", in 1939-1941 he was a consultant to the Writers' Union of Bashkiria.
  From the first days of World War II to its victorious completion, Mustai Karim was at the front. He served as chief of communications, chief of staff of the division, and after a serious wound he worked as a correspondent in front-line newspapers. He was awarded the orders of World War II and II degree and the Red Star, as well as many medals.
M. Karim began his literary work in 1935. In 1938, the first book of his poems, "The Detachment Set Off," was published, and in 1941, "Spring Voices." Since then, he has published more than one hundred poetic and prose books, over ten dramatic works translated into different languages \u200b\u200bof the world.
  The lyrics of Mustai Karim are distinguished by the originality of poetic images, a high intensity of feelings, and a depth of philosophical thinking. His work is about good and evil, love and hatred, humanism and war. In books for children and youth, the poet praises honor and sacrifice in the name of the triumph of justice on Earth.
  Among the most significant works of Mustai Karim - the novel “The Joy of Our Home” (1951), “Taganok” (1962), “Long, Long Childhood” (1978), “Clemency” (1985), “Village Lawyers” (1987); the plays “The Unsung Song” (1951), “The Abduction of a Girl” (1958), “On the Night of the Lunar Eclipse” (1963), “The Country of Aigul” (1967), “Salavat” (1971), “Do Not Drop Fire, Prometheus!” (1975), “The Horse to the Dictator!” (1980).
  Mustai Karim is an active participant in public and political life. Since 1955 - deputy of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR, deputy chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR, deputy of the Supreme Council of the BASSR. Until 1961, he headed the Union of Writers of Bashkiria, was the secretary of the board of the Union of Writers of the RSFSR. For many years he worked as chairman of the Bashkir Peace Committee, was a member of the Committee on Lenin and State Prizes under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.
  In 1967, Mustai Karim was awarded the Prize of the RSFSR them. K.S. Stanislavsky, and for the first volume of "Selected Works" - the Republican Prize of the BASSR named after Salavat Yulaev. In 1972, Mustai Karim was awarded an honorary diploma of the international jury by him for the book “Waiting for News”. G.-H. Andersen. In 1984, for the tragedy "Do not throw fire, Prometheus!" And the autobiographical story "Long, Long Childhood" was awarded the Lenin Prize.
  In recent years, Mustai Karim has written a book of memoirs, “Moments of Life” and the play “Evening Meal”. He died on September 21, 2005 in Ufa

Perhaps the most unfortunate time (1919) for the birth of fate was prepared for the great poet of Bashkiria named Mustai Karim. The biography of this man shows that his life was spent in hardship and war.

Pupil of the era

The poet turned out to be one of those whom history did not chew in its millstones, but retained a memory of it for future generations. More than a hundred published collections of poetic works and prose and several more dramatic works do not allow the poet to be considered a victim of the era. Rather, it is her pupil. A poet named Mustai Karim began his biography in the Bashkir yurt, and he had to endure many difficulties.

The Soviet period crippled him and extolled with the same obstinacy, and at the end of his life Mustai Karim apparently cursed in the same way and at the same time praised him. In childhood, the Bashkir child found a terrible time of collectivization. After the university and the military school, like everyone else, war overtakes him, and before the poet had time to get angry at the time in which he lives, recognition overtakes him. It would hardly be appropriate to reduce his merits only to literature. With a serious wound at the front from a signalman, he is retrained as a selfless war correspondent.

Among his works, it is worth noting the legendary collections of "Europe-Asia", "Do not throw fire, Prometheus!", "Return", but this is not a complete list. Also, several stories left a weighty legacy in prose. In addition, Mustai Karim, whose biography abounds in heroic episodes, never eager to rest on his laurels.

He replenished the Soviet heritage in literature in several genres at once: prose, poetry, drama, and even journalism. Moreover, after the war in public life, the writer was no less useful to his fellow citizens. In the party nomenclature, he, like no other, always found himself in his place and never spent indisputable authority in vain. Behind his every step were words of gratitude from the people.

Talent from childhood

The first time it is published already in 19 years. "The detachment set off" - a book of poems with a prophetic title was published just three years before the war. Mustai Karim's biography indicates his innate talent. According to the paraphrases of the near and dear ones, how the poet Mustay was formed as a child.

They recalled his vulnerability and sensitivity to any life shocks. The most vulnerable and gullible of 12 children in the family, he, like no one else, easily plunged into the world of fascinating fairy tales and paraphrases.

That is how a poet was born in a boy - under the steppe sky of Bashkiria at bright bonfires, in a small yurt. The secret of Karim’s love for the word is understandable - the children's tales of his mother and the fascinating stories of the brothers had an impact. In a family with such an abundance of children, it was customary to tell tales or retell real adventures. But the main thing is the tales of the eldest mother (the father of the family had more than one wife).

Through the rumble of cannonade

Surprisingly, already in the military year of 41, the lyric collection "Spring Voices" was published. Surprisingly, the war in the poet did not incite hatred, but even vice versa. The young guy in the harshness of the war experienced an even greater hunger for beauty and transferred it to the lines of his works.

It would be appropriate to assume a desire for revenge and rage in the battle with the treacherous invader, but during the war years, almost all of his poems were struck by calm and measured with a description of the singing of birds, other sounds of peaceful life. Of particular delight is the realization that such lines made their way from under bomb attacks. Even there, he remained a lyrical and thoughtful person, and perhaps that is why he turned out to be one of those who survived the war.

All-round genius

Discussing the legacy of such a poet as Mustay Karim, we have to note its versatility and versatility. Here and poetry, and prose, dramatic works and the strongest journalism since the time of front-line articles. As a war correspondent, he wrote for The Soviet Warrior and the newspaper For the Honor of the Homeland.

The versatility of this person’s talent is confirmed by the recognition of fellow writers, critics and readers. In particular, one has to mention the plays “Salavat”, “Unsung song”, “Lonely birch”, “He throw fire, Prometheus!” Such masterpieces performed by leading theater groups collect rave reviews from contemporaries of the poet.

Reader recognition remains a major achievement in life for people like Mustai Karim. Biography, creativity of this great man are described in this material. His legacy gained particular relevance in Bashkiria: there, Mustai's works formed new traditions in theatrical art.

Recognition and memory

At first glance, great personalities, such as Mustai Karim, have a biography consisting of victories and titles. The list of his awards and titles is no less convincing than the legacy in literature. But it would hardly have occurred to anyone to envy the young front-line artillery signalman under shelling. In literature, at the front, and in post-war party work, a poet deserves every title by right.

The masterpiece “Do not throw fire, Prometheus!” A fierce patriot of his small homeland introduced this region to ancient aesthetics. It was Mustai Karim who gave the impetus to the development of Bashkir drama and contemporary poetry in those years. Biography (a brief life story of this great man is described here) still inspires people today.

Life and work of Mustaya Karim

1. Biography of the writer

The national poet of Bashkortostan Mustai Karim (Mustafa Safich Karimov) was born on October 20, 1919 in the village of Klyashevo in the Chishminsky district of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in a peasant family.

The childhood of the future poet had a turbulent time. It left its mark on the whole aul life, broke the previous ideas about it. The first social event, the future writer was an eyewitness, was collectivization. "She burst into the life of the village unexpectedly and swiftly, like a spring flood ... Excited people, often torn by spiritual contradictions, not with their minds, but rather with their hearts, understood that changes in the way of the village community were inevitable ... Therefore, faith in the future prevailed among the majority over doubt, and the village as a whole in those days lived with an increased pulse, in a raised tone, even the old women cut off silver coins of the royal coinage from their camisole and breast ornaments and without regret carried heaps of silver "into the deposit on the tractor." Years, stir up Lost everything and everyone in the village, in their own way, was also refracted in children's consciousness. Twelve souls of children were born in the family of Safa Karimov. But what made him, Mustafa, a poet? They say that he grew up as an impressionable child. He was trusting and vulnerable ... Absorbed legends, fairy tales. The Elder Mother knew a great many of them. He traveled at night with his peers, absorbed stories heard around the fire. His early poems about a happy childhood are published in the newspaper "Young Builder". Mustafa Karimov began his career as a student at the Bashkir State Pedagogical Institute. In 1938-1939 he worked in the journal "Pioneer", and in 1939-1941 he was a consultant to the Writers' Union of Bashkiria.

In 1941, he graduated from the Faculty of Language and Literature of the Bashkir State Pedagogical Institute. After graduation, he was drafted into the Red Army and sent to the Murom School of Communications. In May 1942, the rank of junior lieutenant was sent to the 17th motorized rifle brigade as chief of communications of the art division. In August 1942, he was seriously wounded and was in hospitals for about six months. After recovering, he returned to the front line as a correspondent for the front-line newspapers “For the Honor of the Motherland” of the Voronezh Front and “Soviet Warrior” of the 3rd Ukrainian Front. He ended the war in Vienna. He later wrote a lot about this war, talked about it with young people.

After the end of World War II, Mustay Karim devoted himself entirely to creative and social activities. He took an active part in the work of the Union of Writers of the USSR and the Union of Writers of Bashkortostan.

In 1951-1962 he was chairman of the board of the Union of Writers of the BASSR, in 1962-1984 - secretary of the board of the Union of Writers of the RSFSR. The creative activity of Mustai Karim began in the mid-30s of the last century. He is the author of more than one hundred poetic and prose collections, over ten dramatic works. It is considered to be a classic of Bashkir literature.

Mustay Karim died on the 86th year of his life on September 21, 2005. He was buried in the Muslim cemetery in Ufa.

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Karim Mustai (pseudonym; Karimov Mustafa Safich) - Bashkir poet, writer, playwright, national poet of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, honored artist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.

He was born on October 20, 1919 in the village of Klyashevo, Ufa district, Ufa province, now Chishminsky district of Bashkiria. He grew up an impressionable child and very gullible. He absorbed legends and tales that the Elder Mother knew and told him. I went at night with my peers, there I absorbed stories heard around the fire.

His early poems about happy childhood are published in the newspaper "Young Builder". Mustafa Karimov began his career while studying at the Bashkir State Pedagogical Institute named after K.A. Timiryazev. In 1938-1939 he worked in the journal "Pioneer", and in 1939-41 - a consultant to the Writers' Union of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

He began his literary work in 1935. In 1938, the first collection of his poems, "The Detachment Set Off," was released, and in 1941, "Spring Voices."

Immediately after graduation, in 1941 he was drafted into the ranks of the Red Army and sent to the Murom School of Communications. In May 1942, with the rank of junior lieutenant, he began serving in the 17th motorized rifle brigade as the communications chief of the artillery division.

On August 25, 1942, near the city of Mtsensk, the Oryol region was seriously wounded: a fragment of an enemy mine struck both the chest and the Komsomol ticket, passing to the top near the heart. About six months he was in hospitals. From March to May 1943 he served as an employee of the front-line newspaper “For the Honor of the Motherland” of the Voronezh Front, and from there he was recalled to the reserve of the Main Political Directorate of the Red Army, and in August 1943 he was sent to the front-line newspaper “For the Honor of the Motherland” (3rd Ukrainian Front ) He finished the war in Vienna, the capital of Austria.

The heroics and tragedy of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45 were reflected in the poems “December Song” (1942), “Ul-masbay” (1942-44), “Black Waters” (1961) and in many lyric poems in which the poet reflected the humanist mission of the Red Army.

One of the first post-war books of Mustai Karim is “Return” (“Kaitu”, 1947). His post-war work is undergoing a qualitative renewal, the theme expands, and the philosophical essence of his poetry deepens. A vivid evidence of this is the collection of poems and poems "Europe - Asia" (1954), "Rivers Talk" ("Yylgalar Heyleshe", 1961), "Four Times of Love" ("Mahabbatten Durt Mishele", 1978), "Times ”(Zamanalar, 1982) and others.

Mustai Karim is known as a playwright, prose writer and publicist. His plays, included in the golden fund of Bashkir drama, are diverse in genres: these are the dramas The Country of Aigul (Aigel ile, 1967), The Walking Mahmut (Yeyule Mahmut, 1981), the comedy The Abduction of a Girl ( “Kyz urlau”, 1958), the tragedy “On the night of the lunar eclipse” (“Ai totolgan tende”, 1963), “Salavat. Seven dreams through reality ”(“ Salauat. En aralash atesh ”, 1971),“ Do not throw fire, Prometheus ”(“ Tashlama utty, Prometheus ”, 1975).

Musta Karim is the author of the novels “The Joy of Our Home” (“Bezzen Eisen Yame”, 1951), “Taganok” (“Es Tagan”, 1966), “Clemency” (“Yarlykau”, 1986). The autobiographical short story “A Long, Long Childhood” (Ozonozak bala sak, 1976) is very popular.

Mustai Karim is an active participant in public and political life. Since 1955, he was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR, deputy chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR, deputy of the Supreme Council of the BASSR. Until 1961, M. Karim headed the Union of Writers of Bashkiria, was the secretary of the board of the Union of Writers of the RSFSR. For many years he worked as chairman of the Bashkir Peace Committee, was a member of the Committee on Lenin and State Prizes under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

In 1967, for the play "On the Night of the Lunar Eclipse", M. Karim was awarded the RSFSR Prize named after K.S. Stanislavsky, in the same year for the first volume of "Selected Works" - the Republican Prize of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic named after Salavat Yulaev, in 1972 for the book "Years After" - the USSR State Prize; in 1978, for the book "Waiting for News" was awarded the Honorary Diploma of the International Jury. Hans-Christian Andersen.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 19, 1979 for fruitful literary work and in connection with the 60th anniversary of the birth, the national poet of Bashkiria Karim Mustay (Karimov Mustafa Safich) was awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Medal "Hammer and Sickle ".

In 1984, the tragedy "Do not throw fire, Prometheus!" And the story "Long - long childhood" Musta Karim awarded the Lenin Prize; in 1963 he was awarded the honorary title "People's Poet of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic"; Since 1982 - "Honored Artist of the RSFSR"; Honorary Academician of the Academy of Sciences of Bashkortostan (1992).

Mustay Karim lived in the capital of Bashkiria - the city of Ufa, where he died on September 21, 2005, at the 86th year of his life. He was buried in Ufa at the Muslim cemetery.

He was awarded the Soviet two orders of Lenin (1967, 1979), the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st (1985) and 2nd (1945) degrees, two orders of the Red Banner of Labor (1955, 1962), the Order of Friendship of Peoples (1984), the Order of the Red Star (1944), Order of the Badge of Honor (1949), Russian Order of Merit to the Fatherland, 2nd (9/11/2004) and 3rd (04/28/1995) degrees, Order of Salavat Yulaev of the Republic of Bashkortostan (2003), medals .

In accordance with the Decree of the President of the Republic of Bashkortostan dated January 17, 2006 No. UP-9 “On perpetuating the memory of the national poet of Bashkortostan Mustafa Safich Karimov (Mustai Karim), the name Mustai Karim was assigned to the National Youth Theater of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Ufa) and the secondary school of the village of Klyashevo Chishminsky district, in the same place in the poet’s native village a museum-estate of Mustai Karim was created. One of the streets in the center of Ufa (formerly Socialist) and in the district center of the Chishminsky district of Bashkiria, the working village of Chishmy, are named after Mustai Karim. A plaque with a bust of a national poet was installed on the facade of house number 5 on Engels Street, in the city of Ufa, where M. Karim lived for the last years. For gifted students of the Faculty of Philology of Bashkir State University, annual scholarships named after Mustai Karim are established.

Works:
  Selected works, in 2 volumes. Ufa, 1969;
  Eserzer, 5 Tomda. Efe, 1971-73, 1995-99;
  Collected works in 3 volumes. M., 1983;
  Eserzer, 4 tomda. Efe, 1987.

MUST KARIM

"SNOW GOES..."

The third day in a row it is wet snow
  I can’t bear it already the third night -
  The old wound groans like a man.
  It has been snowing for the third day in a row.

The third day a splinter in my body
  Wandering around, tumbling at one corner or the other
As if looking for a way and will not find.
  The third day in a row it snows. Snow goes…

I don’t know - my body hurts,
  Did the splinter itself become a pain?
  He was dug up and cast in the Ruhr,
  And then on the Dnieper was buried in me,
  This mine has become a mine.

There were two of them, I write, so that my son remembers,
  Two fragments of one mine;
  Fomina took one to the grave,
  I took another as a souvenir in my body.

My wound is twelve years old.
  For the third day in a row, it is snowing. Snow goes…

The snow will melt and become yesterday
  Winter will turn into spring
  But the iron shard in my body
  It will not melt until I remember the war!

(Translation from Bashkir K.M. Simonov - see Simon K.M. Collected Works: In 10 volumes. Volume 1. Poems. Poems. Free translations. - M.: Fiction, 1979, p. 609)