The filter for irrigation water in the country. Water purification systems for summer cottages. Installation and commissioning of the new water treatment system

Iron in drinking water is safe only at a concentration of 0.3 mg / liter. With a higher content, water should be deferred. An effective solution is to install in a water supply system filter for cleaning water from iron in the country.

Iron in water is present in 4 forms:

Trivalent (Fe (OH) 3)
Divalent (Fe (OH) 2)
Bacterial
Colloid

In especially high concentrations, ferrous and trivalent iron is present. Consider existing methods of getting rid of such impurities.

Ferrous iron is soluble in water and cannot be determined by appearance. It does not precipitate; the taste and color are initially indefinable. But if you put the liquid in a white bowl, it will form a brown, red or yellow coating on its walls. He says that Fe (OH) 2 is in water.

Bivalent iron is "caught" mainly by oxidation followed by filtration. The essence of the oxidation process is the conversion of soluble ferrous iron to insoluble ferric by adding a third OH ion. The resulting solid particles are removed mechanically as the filter layers of the feed pass.

Water treatment methods used in country houses and small industries:

Pressureless aeration. The essence of the process is to break the liquid into small drops while it flies to the water surface. There is enough flight time for ferrous iron to absorb oxygen and become trivalent. At the same time, hydrogen sulfide is removed, chlorine evaporates. Further, the liquid enters the filtering region, where Fe (OH) 3 is delayed by the loading layers.
Pressure aeration. In a closed container, air is pumped under pressure by a compressor. Due to this, the oxidation process is accelerated. Excess oxygen is removed through special openings. Treated water from the bottom of the tank enters the de-ironing filters, where ferric iron settles in the load.
Ozonation. Ozone is a chemically active oxidizing agent. The oxidation reaction when using this chemical element is quick, but the price of a treatment ozonizing installation makes the installation of such equipment in a private house not relevant.
Hypochlorite application. NaClO, or hypochlorite - a chemically active substance that easily gives oxygen to all elements that need oxidation. The solution is supplied to the water supply by a metering pump. Water is delayed for some time in the tank to fix the reaction. Then it is pumped through the loading layers, which delay the ferric iron formed during the course of the reactions. Further, purified water can be used for any purpose.
Ion exchange method. In this case, the water is purified by exchanging sodium ions for iron ions. In the role of "supplier" of sodium ions are different types of artificial ion-exchange resins. It can be Ecotar or other active resins that quickly trap iron from water. As a result, the ferrum is firmly retained in the layer of ion exchange resin without oxidation. Water becomes suitable for drinking and any household activities.

These cleaning techniques have proven to be excellent in practice. They are used everywhere in the Russian Federation for deferrization of well and borehole water at home and at small enterprises.

Ferric iron is visible to the naked eye. This substance stains water in an unpleasant yellow, brown, brown color. It has a distinctly glandular taste, gives a precipitate, leaves stains and stains on washed laundry.

Such iron does not dissolve in water, it is not difficult to get rid of it. Water simply needs to be filtered mechanically, that is, passed through iron removal layers of the load or membrane.

Loading is called any fine-grained filling, which serves in the filter as a layer that traps impurities. The service life of the material is 3-10 years. Then you need a new backfill.

Insoluble particles can be filtered by loading from fossil coal, silica sand, crushed ore of volcanic-sedimentary origin, sorbent, granular materials. Nonwoven cartridges made of polypropylene and grids with microscopic holes (membranes) are also used.

In everyday life, filtering is carried out using filling column filters. These are productive devices with a convenient mechanism for regulating loading and flushing.

The flushing system is either mechanical or manual. It is needed to periodically clean downloads from trapped particles. This takes an average of 200-500 liters for household use of the system in a residential private house. The resulting dirty liquid is discharged into the septic tank.

The filter housing is a lightweight cylinder made of composite materials. For home filters, cylinders with a diameter of 20-45 cm, a height of 90-165 cm are taken.

Consider the types of filters by deferrization methods.

Reagent

In reagent filters, ferrous iron is oxidized using various chemical assistants - active reagent substances. As an oxidizing agent is used:

Manganese dioxide
Potassium permanganate
Active chlorine
Hydrogen peroxide

The first backfill layer provides the conditions for a high-quality oxidative reaction. The second and subsequent layers trap the formed oxides in themselves. After going through the entire filtering area, the water eventually flows from the tap clean, soft, suitable for washing and cooking.

Over time, the filter layers become clogged with oxides and the treatment system stops working. In this case, you need to clean or change the backfill.

Reagent filters using artificial ion-exchange resins are separated into a separate group. The molecules of this substance look like spheres with "antennae" of sodium ions. When water passes through a layer of such material, iron replaces sodium, falls into its place. Sodium is washed off by a water stream. This technique is characterized in that iron is not oxidized, but replaced. At the same time, other divalent metals are captured from the water.

Reagent-free

There are 2 types:

Catalytic
Aeration

Catalytic filters use catalysts to increase the rate of the oxidation reaction. The resulting insoluble particles settle in the bulk layers of the load. The accumulated substances after a certain period of time are washed out by the reverse water flow and discharged into the sewer. The reaction takes place in a closed container on bulk quick filters, in which one of the loading layers is a special granular material with catalytic properties.

Catalytic filters are widely used for water treatment in small enterprises, as well as in detached houses, cottages, in summer cottages. Catalytic oxidation systems are small in size and high in productivity. They process up to 30 cubic meters of water per hour.

Aeration is carried out:

By showering. Water splashes inside the tank
Gushing. In the treatment device is a spray
Air injection under pressure. During pressure aeration, the air stream enters the water column using a compressor under pressure
Bubbling. Gas is forced through a layer of liquid using tubes with holes with a diameter of 3-6 mm, called bubblers
By ejection. Water is saturated with oxygen through the use of pressure drops.

Aeration works on a simple principle. Air is supplied to the water under pressure or by spraying. Iron is oxidized, becomes insoluble, trivalent and is easily retained by the mechanical layers of the filtering part of the water treatment device.

Conclusion

If after analysis it turned out that there is a large concentration of iron in water, it is worth buying a reagent filter for giving from iron. Such cleaning devices are capable of removing impurities with a concentration of up to 15 mg / L. If the concentration is small, you can take a reagent-free filter. Both devices are reliable, productive. Under the right operating conditions, they will last 5 years with a water guarantee of up to 12 months.

The summer began, the summer season, and with it our eternal problems: where to get clean water from the cottage? It seems the easiest solution is to go to the store and buy bottled water. But the price of such water is often very high. Perhaps it is cheaper to drink water directly from a well or a country water supply system? Let's figure it out.

Myths about purity of water

Many people think that water from a well or artesian spring is probably clean and healthy. Unfortunately, this is a dangerous fallacy. Clear-looking water may contain so many harmful chemical elements that it is safer to drink from a muddy pond.

Unfortunately, in most places flax. Natural water should not be drunk just like that. Before you eat it, such water must be filtered.

Today, without filters in the country, it is almost impossible to spend the summer without compromising the health of your children and elderly parents. Of course, if your water is cloudy or unpleasant in taste, the decision to take a filter to the country house is much easier to make. But, even having a well with "clear" water on the site, remember: the danger of getting invisible organic compounds into the body is extremely great.

Filters for cottages

To surely insure your family from the surprises of suburban water, you need to use filters. But far from always in the country there is a constant water supply, to which you can connect a stationary filter.

How to be

The solution is very simple. It is necessary to use filters that do not require a connection to the water supply. You just need to pour water into them in any way convenient for you.

The simplest and cheapest of the bulk filters is the Geyser filter jug \u200b\u200bseries. To your taste you can choose three forms of a jug: Aquarius, Griffin or Amigo. The most important thing is that in each of these filters there will be a Geyser cartridge, which fights against pollution of suburban water. Usually, a universal cartridge designed for any water is included in the set of Geyser filter jugs. But most likely, you will have water with increased hardness or with unknown microbiological composition in your country house.

After the first cartridge received upon purchase has exhausted its resource, choose a Geyser cartridge for your water: for hard water (400 liter resource) or bactericidal (250 liter resource) for water, which causes great complaints about the microbiological composition.

What are the good Geyser filter jugs in the country?

Pouring water in them, you will receive about two liters of pure water, which can be used for making tea, making soups and any kitchen needs. If a summer cottage is a vacation spot for you on weekends, the Geyser filter jugs will be quite enough for you.

And what should gardeners do?

In this case, you can not do without the Geyser-Summer resident filter. This filter was specially designed for the needs of the Russian summer resident. In shape, it resembles a bucket in which a tap of clean water is mounted. The simplicity of this filter allows it to be so cheap that it is available to absolutely everyone.

But the cheapness of the Geyser-Summer Resident does not affect the quality of its cleaning. By its qualities, it is not inferior, and sometimes even superior to the Geyser filter jugs. At least because it cleans 3.5 liters at a time. If the water in your country house has a characteristic dull yellowish tint, the Geyser-Summer Resident for water with a high iron content is suitable for you. And if your country kettle after boiling is covered with a layer of scale, the Geyser-summer resident for hard water will cope with this. A sufficiently large resource - 3,500 liters - allows you to use the filter for any purpose.

City water by the countryside

Both of these options are of course a simple and quick solution. But at your dacha there may be a filter that will not only clean the water, but create conditions with water as in a city apartment. This is not a miracle, but the AquaChief stationary geyser system.

Those who live in the countryside in private houses and cottages know how important it is to have a filter that provides the whole country house with clean water. Due to its small size, the AquaChief Geyser can be installed even in a small house of 6 acres.

Its advantages over other filters:

it does not require any electricity
you can get clean water in any quantity, even if there is a swamp near the house
filter size - a narrow column with a stand slightly less than two meters, which fits everywhere
AquaChief geyser is cheaper than an average TV. Any family can afford it.

Today in stores you will find a huge selection of filters. It’s easy to find the one you need if you take advantage of these recommendations and not follow the advertising promises. Do not save on health and drink clean water.

The well in the country is a source of moisture for watering and drinking. If plants are not picky about the quality of the liquid, then people should get clean drinking water. Conducting analyzes that determine the performance of impurities is the task of the owners of the site. Based on the data they receive, they select a water filter from the well. An effective cleaning system ensures the removal of organic impurities, dissolved metal salts and pathogenic bacteria.

Why is there poor quality water in the well?

Even outside the city it is difficult to find a place that is not affected by one of the types of pollution. Often, wells have to be excavated near the industrial zone. Owners spend several months on their sites, so cleaning the water from the well in the country becomes an urgent problem. Sources, 20-30 m deep, are prone to surface water pollution.

Well water is prone to contamination

Despite the fact that the soil is a natural filter, there are many reasons for the deterioration of the quality of the liquid:

The appearance of cracks and gaps in the well shaft. Particles of soil and melt water penetrate between the concrete rings. The amount of impurities and pathogens is increasing.
Clouding of the fluid can cause excessive accumulation of sludge at the bottom of the well.
The growth of algae under the action of sunlight makes the water green, the impurities of organic matter - black, and iron - yellow.
If the pump is not used correctly, sediment rises from the bottom, increasing pollution.
Changes in the taste and smell of water due to ingress of fertilizers, chemicals, feces into the source.

Information. A feature of the water in the well is the seasonal variation in the amount of salts and biological substances that enter the liquid.

Ways to solve problems with a well

The main indicators that are guided by when assessing water quality:

transparency;
color;
smell.

In case of violation of one of the criteria, certain measures should be taken to restore the normal functioning of the source. A filter for water from a well in a country house will perfectly cope with any type of pollution, but in some cases it is necessary to repair the structure. If the cause of the deterioration in the quality of the liquid is not eliminated, then the cleaning mechanisms will quickly become clogged and require replacement.

Comparison of clean and dirty well water

Depending on the problem, the ways to solve it are selected:

When the rings are depressurized and cracks appear, it is necessary to cover them with a solution.
You can prevent flowering by installing a canopy that protects the well from the sun.
If rainwater gets into the source, an clay castle is arranged outside.
If dangerous bacteria enter the well, a complete disinfection is carried out. Mechanical cleaning of the walls is carried out, followed by the application of an antibacterial composition. Water in the well is disinfected with a solution of bleach or potassium permanganate. During disinfection, the use of the source ceases. After chlorination, the water is pumped out, and the mine is filled again.
In case of improper operation of the pump, it is necessary to repair or replace equipment.

How to choose a water treatment system

To choose the right filters for well water for a summer residence, you will have to do an analysis in the laboratory for the content of salts, iron and other impurities. You must choose a filter device that can handle a sufficient amount of liquid. Each device has an individual resource, the excess of which will nullify its useful functions.

Well Filter Types

Attention. For the correct selection of the treatment system, it is recommended to do several analyzes of water from the well at different times of the year.

Water is delivered to the laboratory in a clean plastic or glass container of 1-1.5 liters. To obtain an objective result, the sample must be fresh. Based on the liquid analysis data, a complex or narrowly targeted filter is selected. The first option is functional, it removes:

soil particles;
salts and iron;
bad smell and taste;
bacteria.

Comprehensive cleaning is expensive, if it is not necessary, then you can save money by installing a narrow focus device.

Water system with integrated filters

Attention. The appearance of dangerous microorganisms in the consumed moisture cannot be predicted; therefore, it is advisable to install an ultraviolet disinfectant.

Flowing filters for well water do a good job of their functions, but for their operation it is necessary to create pressure in the pipeline. Devices are installed in a system with a submersible pump.

Varieties of filters

For household water purification from an autonomous source, several types of filters are used:

mechanical;
sorption;
ion exchange;
reverse osmosis.

Filter jug \u200b\u200b(sorption cleaning)

For a small family, which happens at the cottage periodically, the filter option in a jug is suitable. The replaceable cartridge will last 2-3 months, providing a high degree of fluid purification. Capacity of 1.5-2 liters is enough for drinking and cooking. This is an inexpensive convenient option for a sorption filter for cleaning water from a well.

Filter jug

Filter cartridge

Mechanical cleaning

Filters are designed to capture suspended particles. They come in 2 types: rough and fine cleaning. The first option is a grid with holes that trap particles of sand, clay, rust ranging in size from 50 to 5 microns. Such a device is installed at the input of the system. Finer cleaning is guaranteed by polymer fiber cartridges. Substances up to 5 microns settle in them. Two-stage cleaning allows you to extend the life of sanitary appliances and household appliances.

Mechanical cleaning

Ion exchange

Excessively hard water negatively affects household appliances (electric kettle, washing machine), contributing to the formation of scale. The softening of the liquid by the ion exchange method consists in changing its structure. Resin serves as a chemical reagent for softening; this substance replaces insoluble magnesium and calcium ions with easily soluble compounds.

Ion exchange filter system

Reverse osmosis

High-quality water treatment includes several filters of mechanical and chemical action. At the first stage, cleaning is carried out with a thin mechanical filter, then the liquid passes through activated carbon, where it is freed from harmful substances and odor. The final stage is the passage of a semipermeable membrane. The device filters water at the molecular level, ensuring its excellent quality. For reverse osmosis to work, a pressure pump is required in the water supply system.

Iron remover

The high iron content is noticeable to the naked eye, from it the water acquires a yellowish-brown color. Such a liquid causes an allergy to the skin; it cannot be used for washing and cooking. Remove metal will help a special filter for well water. Iron removal occurs in a special flask with bulk material, inside which the oxidized metal settles.

Filtration scheme

UV emitters

The issue of disinfecting water from a well is quite acute. Dangerous bacteria and microorganisms that can cause health problems easily fall into the source. Chlorine treatment is not the best way to disinfect, this substance and its by-products are harmful to humans. The best way to get rid of the danger is to install a unit that affects the liquid with ultraviolet light. UV rays kill bacteria and microorganisms, while not affecting the composition of the water.

Varieties of trunk filters

Devices for purifying running water differ in several ways:

Degree of purification:
- single-stage - differ in the minimum indicators of removal of impurities and require frequent replacement of cartridges;
- two-stage - perform mechanical and sorption cleaning;
- three-stage - carry out the listed functions, plus soften the liquid and remove iron.
Type of cartridges - net, winding, with wicker propylene, etc.
Type of water - hot or cold.

Tip. For a summer residence where the water supply system from the well is not mounted, you can make a filter yourself. You will need a plastic bottle and a backfill of charcoal, gravel and sand.

To solve the problem of water purification from a well, the use of main filters, the installation of which is carried out directly on pipes that are part of the system, is quite effective. They can be used for both cold and hot water supply.

The main purpose of their installation is:

water purification from mechanical insoluble impurities, chlorine, heavy metals, microorganisms, etc .;
removing unpleasant odors and improving taste by neutralizing hydrogen sulfide and organic compounds;
decrease in water hardness;
preventive measures to protect household appliances and sanitary equipment from scale, sediment.

You can install main filters for cleaning water from a well almost anywhere in the system, but it is important to take into account the availability of their maintenance, for example, to replace a used cartridge.

Main filters are represented by a fairly wide range, but when choosing, you should pay attention to such parameters:

the number of mechanical cleaning steps (from 1 to 3);
purpose - for hot or cold water;
purification method - chemical, mechanical, biological,
case material - metal or plastic, matte or transparent, etc .;
type of cartridges used and the sorbent used in it.

In addition, by design features, main filters are divided into devices for:

rough cleaning (mesh type);
fine cleaning;
with washing (self-washing type);
with ion filtration;
magnetic;
osmotic type.

Advantages of operating main filters in a home water supply system

The main task that filters for water from a well in a country house or in a country house carry out is the ability to get clean tap water without impurities, suitable for use in the household, as well as for drinking. This is achieved by using devices with different degrees and types of purification - from simple mechanical to ion exchange. An important plus is the removal of unpleasant odors and the improvement of taste, due to the use of sorbents, for example, activated carbon cartridges.

The use of main filters can solve the problem of scale formation, including on electrical appliances during heating or boiling. This fact significantly increases the service life of kettles, boilers, appliances and pipes of the heating system, etc.

If we consider the shortcomings and some limitations on the operation of such filters, then it is worth paying attention to the fact that for effective operation they require regular maintenance and replacement of cartridges. Therefore, for highly contaminated water, it is better to choose another treatment option, since in this case the cost of one liter of clean water will be unreasonably high.

Despite the fact that the average price of main filters is quite affordable, the cost of equipment is affected primarily by the initial water quality, since the choice of cartridges, type of device and additional equipment is determined by this factor.

Self-cleaning main filters

Often, self-washed type main filters are chosen for the water supply system, which do an excellent job of cleaning from mechanical impurities and insoluble compounds, and can be used for cold and hot water, which is a very aggressive medium, especially if chlorine is present in it. Special mesh filters made of stainless steel or polymer material cope with mechanical cleaning, and the mesh size depends on the type of cleaning:

for coarse - 100 microns;
for thin - no more than 5 microns.

The main advantage of this type of device is that they are operated without the use of replaceable cartridges, which is an economically attractive moment and also does not require special and regular maintenance.

The ideal choice for water supply can be a self-washing filter Honeywell FF06-1 / 2 "AA, from a German manufacturer. It is a compact device of a suspended type, due to which it can be installed anywhere in the water supply system. This device is characterized by high reliability and the possibility of use in systems with different pressure level.

Purified water from the main water supply is supplied to our city houses. Nevertheless, almost every apartment has an additional filter. How then to be in the country, where is the main source of water - or? Use or not? Many will say that this is a luxury. Others will argue that with our tainted ecology - a necessity.

In my opinion, it is worth joining the latest opinion. Therefore, let's consider the options and try to choose the right "country" filter.

Why and from what to filter water in the country

Even the deepest and most well-groomed well does not guarantee that the water in it is suitable for consumption. Ideal for determining its composition - chemical analysis.

A laborious and costly process, but with a reliable result. If you don’t want to go to the laboratory and wait for an answer, you can conduct it yourself simple test:

Put a small amount of water in a clear bottle.
Leave for a few hours.
If at the bottom appears sediment or brown flakesmeans water needs to be cleanedotherwise, these substances will "settle" already in the human body.

Of course, this is not the most accurate way. He will not explain what kind of useful and harmful substances are contained in water, but he will show whether water needs additional filtration. Unfortunately, it is now very rare where there is pure natural water.

Pure and clear water also does not mean that it does not pathogensor toxic substancesinvisible to the eye. Hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, nitrogen - all of them fall into the water as a result of decomposition of animal or plant waste.

At risk there are summer residents whose plots are located next to fields that relate to agricultural complexes, or with industrial facilities. Fields are regularly sprayed with chemicals, and they get straight into. About emissions from industrial areas and say nothing.

It is not worth using such water at all, especially for drinking or cooking.

You do not need to relax even if there are no sources of “danger” in the neighborhood, and the same summer residents live. Only they know how to land, how they deduced what could be buried on the site. But all chemicals will inevitably fall into the water of a neighbor.

Well depth does not affect water safety. You can’t argue that the water from the deep borehole is cleaner. It will not have so many bacteria, but there are other unpleasant disadvantages. The main trouble of the deep waters is an overabundance iron oxides. Its signs are sediment and brown flakes described above.

Too hard water can cause allergies, affect salt deposition, and even slow growth. A vivid illustration of the result of prolonged contact with hard water is water pipes. And if instead of them there will be our body ?!

In any case, even with one hundred percent confidence in the quality of water, it is better to play it safe. Good water after the filter will not get worse, and non-trustworthy will be safer.

Types of filters by installation method

In the windows of hardware stores a huge number of different filters. On many hang labels "suitable for giving." Seeing such a label, you do not need to grab the product immediately. Maybe this is not your option at all.

Firstly, in all wells and boreholes, the water is different in composition, each has its own “problems”. Secondly, the filter can perfectly purify the water, but it will not suit you at all at the location. For example, if you are uncomfortable changing the cartridge under the sink or do not like to constantly pour water from the jug.

So, by installation method filters are divided into three types:

The most popular way of water purification among summer residents. A well-known plastic container resembling a jug. Inside there is a smaller container - for water intake - and a place for a replaceable cartridge. Cleaning level- averageIt can be said satisfactory. It does not protect against all impurities, but removes chlorine, rust and suspended particles.

Important:choose a replacement cartridge based on the nature of the water. On each pack it is written, from what impurities the filter protects.

Attracts and price - from 300 to 1600 rubles. for the main device and 100-300 rubles. per replaceable cartridge. The frequency of cartridge replacement depends on the frequency of use of the filter. Most often - after 300 liters. But if the quality of the purified water shows that the filter has exhausted its resources, you will have to replace it earlier.

The device is mobile, easy to disassemble and assemble, if you need to rinse or clean it.

Filter jug \u200b\u200bfit:

for a summer residence where there is no way to try a more powerful unit,
with a small consumption of water (only for drinking and cooking), since at one time it purifies a maximum of three liters of water, at least one and a half.

Attachment on the crane

If there is running water in the country, then instead of a filter jug, you can use the nozzle on the tap. This small metal-plastic device with a cleaning agent will save space. It is attached to the spout of the crane with special clamps or screwed onto its thread.

If you don’t want to attach anything anywhere, just put it next to it. On this, in fact, the installation ends. The filter can be used, you only need to replace the cartridge regularly.

Pros:

The quality of filtered water is higher.than the jug, because two stages of cleaningand (mechanical and subsequent cleaning with activated carbon). There are simpler models with one degree of purification. Although far from ideal.
Such a filter cleanse lime, chlorine and rust, reduce water hardness.
It will be pleasantly pleased cost(from 130 rubles).

Minuses:
If your water supply works from a pump, then you need to be careful with the filter nozzle. He is essentially slows down the passage of water. The pump starts to run with overload, turning it on and off. A long jerky work is detrimental to technology.

Sink filter

This is probably the best option for the degree of purification. Delays all harmful impurities and bacteria.

But there is operation problems:

Firstly, such a filter is suitable only for cottages with running water.
If everything is in order with the water supply, then the next problem that the owner will sooner or later face is cartridge replacement. The replacement element is filled with activated carbon. When cleaning heavily contaminated well water, it instantly becomes clogged, turning into a hotbed of germs. Therefore, in order not to become a victim of these germs, the cartridge will often have to be changed. And to disassemble such a complex design is difficult. To at least somehow ease their work, many users output separate small cranethrough which purified water flows under the sink.

By cons deviceapplies to him price- from 2,000 to 15,000 rubles. After a filter with four stages of purification, the water becomes the same as bottled water, which is why it costs accordingly.

Important:the filter “under the sink” does not threaten the operation of the pump.

Membrane or flow filters?

The “under wash” filter and filter nozzle described above are classified as flowing. Water supply is necessary for their work. In addition to the listed pros and cons, their main difference is in the degree of purification:

the filter nozzle can have a maximum of 2 cleaning steps,
filter “under the sink” - maximum 4.

Those who wish to clean everything and immediately sellers very often offer membrane filters. They are also called universal. Pleasure is not cheap. Would such an investment be beneficial?

The basis of such a filter is membraneconsisting of many microscopic cells. Only the H2O molecule can penetrate into them, everything else will remain “overboard”. The result is almost sterile water.

Summer residents are not particularly fond of this:

At first, expensive (why such a luxury if you are in the country only in the summer?).
Secondly, for the smooth operation of the system decent pressure needed. And this entails unnecessary expenses for powerful and time for installation and connection.
Thirdly, the universal filter huge water intake. To get 5 liters of pure drink, 30-40 liters should pass through the membrane. Everything else merges into a cesspool, which is not bottomless and also requires cleaning.
And most important: the water from such a filter is “dead”. Together with harmful substances useful mineral salts are washed out. To restore the salt balance, sellers will immediately recommend adding a special substance to the water, which will put everything in its place and restore the mineral reserve. But this will seriously increase the already considerable price.

That’s why the knowledgeable summer residents opt for flow filters, and if there is no water supply, then in favor of a jug.

Types of filters according to the principle of operation

The principle of operation of the water filter is directly related to what the water is contaminated with and what impurities it needs to be cleaned from. In any well or well, there is sand, clay, rust, which fall into the water. To rid it of insoluble particles, first establish mechanical filters.

Mechanical filters

Two types of filters belong to this group: coarse and fine cleaning.

This device takes the brunt of - delays only insoluble particles. The water purified from them enters the water supply. When the filter is full, it must be removed, cleaned and replaced. His work does not provide for the use of chemicals, only mechanical impact.

Under the general name "coarse filter" hides three types of devices. Which one is right for you depends on the amount of water consumed and how much particulate matter settles in it.

FROM mesh filter

It is a grid with cells of 50-500 microns. Non-flushing strainers should be replaced by themselves as they fill up:

turn off the water supply,
disassemble the structure
clean the filter.

More convenient option - self-cleaning screen filter. It does not need to be cleaned. When the necessary amount of “garbage” is collected, the system will work and the filter will be cleaned automatically. It is only necessary to remove the pipe so that dirty water merges into it.

This device is easy to use. The package includes a more expensive manometer for measuring pressure and a pressure control valve to avoid sudden surges that are harmful to technology.

As the name implies, the filter is based on a replaceable cartridge placed in a plastic case (sometimes made of steel). Such a filter retains particles from 0.5 microns.

He will not let through not only solid particles of sand and rust, but also substances of a viscous structure - algae, mud, softened clay.

N pressure filter

A high-speed pressure filter purifies water, in which there are many impurities of different structures. In this regard, it is universal. It also filters out solid particles (from 30 microns) and viscous.

It consists of an anti-corrosion container with filter material, a control unit and a drain pipe.

A simple-looking device has significant cons:

he has a very large size,
he can work only in a warm room.

Usually installed with coarse filters. In water purified from solid impurities, there are still many harmful substances that neither cartridge, nor strainers, nor pressure filters can handle. These are suspensions of heavy metals, chemical compounds or microorganisms. But fine filters will do their job perfectly, as they are designed to eliminate particles from 5 microns in size.

INimportant:it is best to install a fine filter after the coarse filter. The result of collaboration will be better.

Filters of this group include membrane filters that are not loved by summer residents. We will not dwell on them again. For country needs, either a sorption filter or a filter with ion-exchange resins are suitable as a “fine cleaner”.

Designed to protect our body from microorganisms, chloride compounds and heavy metals. It consists of a reservoir with a sorbent (most often activated carbon).
help to disinfect water and relieve it of unpleasant odor. Depending on the characteristics of the water, you can choose a deferrizing, disinfecting or carbon filler.

The device is small in size, easy to dismantle to replace the cartridge, and just as easily assembled back. The only thing that can confuse is the low speed of water passage and the need for frequent replacement of the tank.

Will help out if the water is too hard. It will reduce stiffness to normal limits and rid water of various compounds.

The filter housing is made of plastic or steel. Inside is a capsule filled with ion-exchange resins.

Productivity of the device depends on the load on it and on compliance with the care instructions. Strongly not recommended Skip the time to replace the resin block.

The disadvantage of such a filter - the use of saline solutions and regeneration tanks, as well as the need to dispose of used components. The room temperature specified in the instructions for each filter will also play a role.

Important:after the ion-exchange filter, it is necessary to install carbon. He will clean the water from the remnants of the resin.

It turns out that each filter has its pros and cons. Before buying, you should still take care of the analysis of water. As an option, just talk with neighbors who have had a summer residence for a long time: they probably know the peculiarities of local water.

What the manufacturers have prepared for us

Manufacturers of filtration equipment sea. They offer a full range of services, from the sale of the unit to its installation. There are several leaders. These brands are always well known. And they work on the principle of "good quality and economical price." This is what summer residents need.

The main assortment is jugs and filter nozzles. It is a convenient budget option for those who do not want to purchase a complex system.

Aquaphor

Offers a wider range of products. And filter jugs, and the “under the sink” option, and entire cleaning complexes. At an average price, the quality is quite high.

"Geyser"

On the market for more than 30 years. The devices of this company have long been loved by customers. Especially Geyser-3 with a three-stage cleaning system. Good summer cottage option. Replaceable cartridges can be combined to create a personalized cleaning system that suits your source.

Foreign filters more expensive. This is their significant minus. For example, Ecowaters System is a veteran in the market of cleaning devices. There is a little less than a century. All specifications, durability and results are at their best.

But it is unlikely that the average summer resident will be able to afford a filter worth 70,000 rubles. Even if you do not assume that the filter in the country is a luxury.

Modern technology allows you to choose the perfect model to protect your health and affect the quality of water. The choice of filter is an everyday necessity. And you need to take it quite seriously.

What filter do you use?