In the section "Learning to read" you will find a lot of interesting educational materials for children of preschool and primary school age. Here are various educational print materials intended for teaching preschoolers to read, as well as testing the level of knowledge of the child in the humanitarian field. These tasks are suitable for regular homework with the child, developing his speech and intellectual abilities, as well as fully preparing him for the school curriculum.

Also in this section you will find classes on the development of reading skills and verbal-logical thinking. This category contains tasks for printing, which teachers can use as didactic material for working with a group of children. Learning to read preschoolers is always faster and more effective when it causes interest in a child. So do not neglect the variety of materials presented to make activities with the child more fun and interesting.

Games and assignments for reading instruction for preschoolers:

In this section you will find many tasks, in each of which you need to make a word of letters. In some tasks, you need to make words from the given letters, and in some tasks, you need to find out the letters yourself (by the first letter of each picture word). There are also tasks in which you need to make words from mixed letters or find hidden words among many letters.

Stories with pictures instead of words for children

Here you can download small stories with pictures instead of words for children of preschool and primary school age. When reading the stories presented, you need to insert the right words instead of pictures. Such reading instruction is very interesting for children who learn to read.

Here we will study the Russian alphabet in order, from the letter A to the letter I. Two letters are given on each task sheet. Each letter corresponds to several pictures. It is necessary to circle only those words-pictures that begin with a given letter.

In this section you can download materials that will help you learn the alphabet of the Russian language easily and simply. Here are special tasks for teaching the Russian alphabet, and cards with letters for printing, and much more ...

In these colorful tasks on teaching reading to a child, you need, guided by pictures, to find the word by letter in a special square, where the letters are arranged in a chaotic order. Each search word corresponds to one picture outside the square. The order of letters in words can be horizontal, vertical and diagonal. Here you need not only to be able to read words, but also to be very careful to find them ...

We read by syllables - these are tasks and print materials in which children learn to make words from syllables. Here you can download various tasks, print on a printer and deal with the child following the instructions for each task.

Here you have to complete assignments for semantic reading. Working with text is a very important stage in teaching children to read. In these tasks, the child is trained to find synonyms and antonyms for words, understand and interpret the meaning and meaning of words and sentences, summarize and name the signs of objects, analyze the text read and answer questions asked to him, learn to compose sentences and stories, write dictations and much more another ...

In this section reading instruction for preschoolers   presented in the form of interesting game tasks that need to be downloaded and printed on a computer. Here, a child can train his ability to hear words and find their visual representation on paper, learn tongue-and-speak tongue twisters, guess words, recognize words from pictures and much more ...

• Does your kid absolutely not want to consider letters in the alphabet?
• The child will soon go to first grade, and you can get him to read it only under pain of "excommunication" from the computer?
• Do not know how to organize classes with a preschooler so as to preserve their nerves and not completely discourage his interest in reading?

These and other problems in teaching preschoolers to read can be solved by organizing classes in a playful way. For preschool children, the game is the leading form of activity. Therefore, studying with a preschooler while playing different games is the easiest and most effective way to teach him how to read.

Before we talk about what games are best to play with your child in reading instruction, we’ll give some general tips for organizing classes.

1. Exercise regularly! Let the classes be short (5-10 minutes), but daily. This is much more effective for preschoolers than 45-minute lessons once a week.
2. Get involved everywhere. To learn to read, you do not have to sit your child at the table with books. You can learn letters in the park for a walk, drawing them with chalk on the pavement or looking at signs, helping mom to sculpt cookies in the form of letters or studying the number of cars in the parking lot, etc.
3. Exercise when your child feels well: he has slept, is active and ready for new games and activities.
4. Constantly create success situations in your child, praise him more often, focus his attention on what he did, do not focus on failures. Classes should be a child in joy!

And yet, what you definitely need to know when embarking on learning to read is in the article on.

What games can be played at different stages of teaching preschoolers to read?

1. Learning letters.

If a child does not remember letters well, the best way to learn them is to “revive” them, create a vivid association with each letter. You can decide with your child what this or that letter looks like, or use a variety of materials from the Internet and modern alphabet.

For example, bright, memorable images of letters for children can be found in Elena Bakhtina’s primer (in this book there are not only colorful pictures and recommendations on how to tell each letter to a child, but also color patterns — letters from this primer can be cut out and played in) .

On the Internet for children you can find a lot of coloring pages with letters similar to one or another subject.

It is also useful in the process of learning letters to repeat short verses that help to remember each letter:

See the tail at the end
So this is the letter C.

Letter B is like a hippopotamus -
She has a big belly!

G is like a goose -
  The whole letter is curved.

  D - a tall house with a roof!
  In this house we live.

  And poor thing, the letter Y
  He walks with a wand, alas!

In my work, I use various “reminders” that are associated in children with one or another letter. You can actively use them in home lessons or come up with your own.

It is very useful to have a special notebook or album in which the learned letter will “live” on each page. In this album, you can also teach your child to write, stick pictures with words on the letter you need, attach poetry and coloring, creating a selection of materials for each letter. Children are very interested in the process of co-creation, so actively involve them in creating such an album.

Another option is to make a house for letters. Choose any size: it can be very small, made from a pair of cardboard sheets, or huge, the height of a child. The main thing in it is special windows-pockets for letters. In each “apartment” of the water house, place the letter with the child. To do this, you will need cardboard letters, slightly smaller than each window. Mark in any way which apartments already have “residents” and which are empty for now.

Attach the letters already studied outside on the windows (using paper clips) and invite the child to arrange pictures with words into the letters on the windows. For example, “treat” the letters: give the child images of the products that he / she needs to distribute to the necessary “apartments”: put a watermelon / apricot in the window with the letter A, a loaf, eggplant in the window with the letter B, waffles / grapes with the letter B and etc.

Similarly, you can go on a visit to letters with fairy-tale characters (Pinocchio - to the letter B, Thumbelina - to the letter D, Mowgli - to the letter M, etc.), "dress" letters (wear a T-shirt to the letter F, jeans - to the letter D, pants - the letter W, etc.).

The main goal in this game is to teach the child to determine the first letter in a word and easily recognize already passed letters.

Various lottos and dominoes are also great for learning letters. Lotto is better to use without clues, so training will be much more effective. Such a lotto can easily be made by yourself. To do this, prepare sheets with 6-8 pictures on each and cardboard cards with the necessary letters. Let the child draw cards, read the letters and show which of the players has a picture of the dropped out letter.

2. Add syllables.

Learning a child to add syllables can take a little longer than learning letters. The child will have to repeat various syllables many, many times before he learns this skill. So that learning was not a burden on him, but a joy - we continue to play with him. Only now we play games with syllables. The main task of this stage is to teach the child to pronounce two letters together.

In addition to syllabic lottos, which can be done on the same principle as the lotto with letters, you can use other home-made games for children to teach them how to add syllables.

- Adventure games ("paths").

Adventure games have been and remain one of the most exciting games for children. To make such a game with syllables, take the playing field from any board game. Enter the various syllables in the empty boxes / circles (write more of those that are difficult for the child to give). Then play by the usual rules: roll the dice and go through the cells, reading what is written on them. So the child will be able to read quite long tracks with syllables, which he would “overcome” in the ordinary primer with great difficulty.

By analogy with rpg games, you can make various tracks with syllables on which various vehicles will compete: who will drive the track without errors and as soon as possible. To do this, you will need a cardboard / paper, which will be drawn on the track with syllables, and toy cars / trucks / trains / airplanes. Remember that children are very easy to captivate by adding a competitive moment in the classroom.

- Games "Shop" and "Mail".

Prepare coins - circles with written syllables, as well as goods - pictures with products / things that start on these syllables. You play first as a seller: offer your child something to buy from you on the condition that he offers the right coin for the selected product (for example, he can buy cabbage for a coin with the syllable KA, kiwi for a coin with the syllable KI, corn for a coin with the syllable KU, etc.).

Then you can switch roles: you are the buyer, the child is the seller. He must carefully monitor whether you give coins correctly for the selected item. Sometimes make a mistake, let the child correct you. Any toy can also be a buyer; invite your child to teach her to correctly name coins with syllables.

A very similar game is Mail, but instead of coins, you prepare envelopes with syllables, and instead of goods, pictures with animals or fairy-tale characters. The child will be a postman, he must guess on the first syllable written on the envelope - who needs to deliver the letter. In this game, it is best to read syllables starting with the same consonant so that the child does not guess the addressee by the first letter.

- Houses with syllables.

Draw a few houses, on each write one syllable. Lay out the houses in front of the child. After that, take a few figures of men and, calling the name of each of them, invite the child to guess who lives in which house (Vasya should be placed in the house with the syllable VA, Natasha with the syllable HA, Lisa with the syllable LI, etc.) .

Another version of this task: let the child himself think up the names of the little men, put them in houses and write on each of them the first syllable of the name.

Prepare cardboard cards with syllables, cut them into two equal halves horizontally. The child must add these “puzzles” and name the resulting syllables.

Take a few cards with words from two syllables (for example, FEATHER, VAZ, CLOCK, FISH). To the left of the picture, put the first syllable of the word. You need to clearly read it, and the child must choose the last syllable correctly. Before the child, 3-4 options for possible endings are laid out.

More syllable learning games are in the article on.

3. We read words and sentences.

Learning to read words (and then sentences) involves the active work of preschoolers with books, but this does not mean that we stop playing in the classroom. On the contrary, “dilute” learning with games as often as possible, switch from one type of activity to another so that the child gets tired less and learning is more effective. Remember: it is not enough to teach a child to read, it is important to instill in him a love of reading.
  What games can be offered to parents of preschool children at this stage of learning to read.

Lay out a path of words in front of the child. Invite him to choose only “edible” words (or what happens is green / what has a round shape / only “live” words, etc.). If the track is long, you can read the words in turn with the child.

Lay out the traces of words with words cut out around the room (ordinary sheets can be used). Invite the child to walk from one end of the room to the other in these footsteps: you can move on only by reading the word on which you stand. A child walks on them himself or with his favorite toy.

- The game "Airport" or "Parking".

In this game, we train the attention of preschoolers. Prepare a few cards with very similar words so that the child does not guess the words and carefully read them to the end (for example, MOUTH, HORN, GROWTH, HORN, ROSE, MOUTH, DEW). Put the cards around the room. These will be different airports / parking spaces. The child picks up an airplane (if you play at airports) or a car (if you have parking), after which you loudly and clearly state where exactly he needs to land / park.

- Chains of words that change only one letter.

Prepare sheets of paper or an easel. Start writing a chain of words one at a time - for each subsequent word, change only one letter, this will train a child’s attentive, “tenacious” reading.

Examples of such chains:

• KIT - CAT - MOUTH - DEW - NOSE - NESA - DOG.
• BOARD - Daughter - NIGHT - KIDNEY - KIDNEY - Keg - Keg - Keg.

Ball games, with your favorite toys, to school, hospital or kindergarten - all this is included in the process of learning to read. Come up with games yourself. Consider what the child is interested in, and use it when sitting down with the child to read. Does daughter love princesses? Ride a carriage along paths with letters / syllables / words. Does son love super heroes? Make a training track for his favorite character. Invite your child to play at school and teach his teddy bear to fold two letters into a syllable.

Change games, carefully monitor what your child likes and why he quickly gets tired, and then training will be a joy to you and him! Remember that it’s not difficult to interest preschoolers, they love to play and they will be happy to help you come up with new games in the learning process.

Philologist, teacher of Russian language and literature, teacher of preschool education
  Svetlana Zyryanova

Being a parent seems harder than ever. Society demands more and more from children, and in order to meet the priorities of the new time, family people have to work a lot. They need to fully engage in the full development of their child. It is important to spend enough time and effort on this, approach the learning process in a scientifically sound, and at the same time childishly playful way. Having a baby through the sleeves is like not having to do it at all. Indeed, in this subtle issue, not only the result itself is important, but also the learning process, its comfort for the child, the individual interest of the baby in the mechanism of play and learning.

One of the most important stages in the development of any preschooler is the formation of reading skills. Today, there are many techniques that help teach this child. For example, there is a teaching technique for reading a preschooler in 15 lessons. Of course, to believe or not to believe that it is possible to teach him to read effectively and not traumatically for the psyche of a child in just two weeks is up to you. However, the existence of many qualitative methods is confirmed by practice. In this article we will consider some of them.

Traditional technique

This teaching methodology is still one of the most common today. With its help, most of the current adults got the reading skill. Also, it is precisely this technique that is now used in absolutely all schools - it is universal.

According to this, it should be done in stages: first letters, then syllables, later words and so on. Awareness of the scheme of combining sounds into whole phrases comes to the child gradually, some require more time than others.

Also, much depends on the literal age of the child. A one-year-old baby is quite able to memorize letters, but he will not be able to master the reading skill. To do this, you must be able to understand the patterns inherent in this process, which is so incapable of such a small child.

It takes patience. Children often forget what they just read. The process is new, and sometimes the child sets the pace of classes himself.

The main advantage of this method is its reliability. Regardless of the child’s abilities, he will learn to read anyway.

Cubes of Zaitsev

The technique under consideration helps to learn reading through the perception of syllables. It actively uses a variety of cubes, as well as colorful tables. According to some reviews, many parents have some difficulties. They are connected with the fact that not everyone is able to determine how it would be correct to use all these manuals for training. Practice has shown that this technique achieves its greatest effectiveness only when interacting in a group. Thus, classes with the help of Zaitsev cubes in kindergartens and various development centers will help to get the maximum result in the minimum time.

Glenn Doman's Technique

The considered method of teaching a preschooler to read at home implies the skill of perceiving a whole word, and not any of its parts. In the Russian Federation, such a method became known only in the nineties of the last century. Education for preschoolers using this technique occurs through the use of special aids and the most frequent and high-quality communication with the baby.

Advantages of the Doman technique:

• Suitable for children of any age, even the smallest.
• Learning to read preschoolers takes place during the game, which allows them to enjoy the attention of their parents and gain new knowledge.
• The system effectively develops memory, provides valuable encyclopedic knowledge.
• Many Nobel Prize winners were raised using this technique.
• Such learning to read preschoolers develops them very versatile.

The disadvantages of the method of Glen Doman

Like any method of teaching a preschooler to read, the Doman method has its drawbacks. They are as follows:

• A huge number of different cards are required to achieve the desired effect. It is extremely difficult and time consuming if the parents decide to make them on their own. Or you can purchase a ready-made kit, which can be somewhat expensive.
• Such cards recommend teaching the preschooler to read the kid every day and more than once. Moreover, cards that the child has already seen should be replaced promptly and correctly. If you do not do this or do it irregularly, the effectiveness of the technique can significantly decrease. This becomes a problem if the parents are full-time workers and, accordingly, have other responsibilities, as well as if the family has several children.
• All children are different. It is difficult for many to sit in one place for a sufficient amount of time. Some children simply do not respond to any cards or quickly forget what they learned yesterday. Toddlers may try to take away chewing and spoil it. In such cases, this method of teaching preschoolers to read does not work.
• In elementary school, difficulties may arise in relations with the teacher. This often happens with those children who are not learning using traditional technologies.
• This is perhaps the main drawback. The kid is not an active participant in the process. Only one sensory system of the child is involved: only the visual. Although the baby receives knowledge, he does not learn to reason and analyze. This method of teaching preschoolers to read should be combined with other, more creative ones.

Phased Learning

Consistent reading instruction for children requires considerable time and effort. It would be reasonable to divide it into a number of stages, which will facilitate the process of forming a new skill for the child. You will have to go through the following steps: the process of learning and remembering individual letters; development of the ability to read syllables, regardless of their size and complexity; learn to understand the meaning of individual words; be able to understand the meaning of the text as a whole.

Memorization of letters

At the very beginning, the traditional method of teaching preschoolers to read is based on memorization of letters. To begin with, it is important to learn to distinguish among themselves and recognize among other designations. The next step is their reading.

The methodology of teaching a preschooler to read at home recommends calling the child consonants in the way they are pronounced (that is, sounds), and not in the way they are presented in specialized books. This will speed up the process of perception and help the baby understand how to use this information in practice.

Teaching children to read at this stage involves concentrating the child's attention on new material. To do this, you can post the image of letters and the objects associated with them in the room of a preschooler and in the whole house as a whole. It is also effective to pay attention to familiar signs in the names of signs during walks.

Reading syllables of varying difficulty

This stage fully reflects the methodology of teaching preschoolers to read according to Zhukova. It is based on the perception of an individual syllable as a minimum unit. This helps to recognize and remember the connections that exist between the various syllables and how they should be pronounced. At this stage, the baby, as a rule, has many difficulties. In order to help him cope with them, it is necessary to consciously make this level of training as clear as possible.

It would be most preferable to slowly and clearly, while uttering the most correct words and asking the child to repeat everything after you. Then the baby will get used to the right reading option.

In no case should you teach a child to pronounce syllables separately or to himself, and only then combine them into a single whole. Unfortunately, such a habit can gain a foothold in the mind for a long time, and getting rid of it will be extremely difficult. This is an important nuance of the method of teaching reading to preschoolers. Zhukova also emphasizes this in her writings.

Understanding the meaning of the word read

This stage is the basis of teaching synthetic reading. Its base is the assimilation of meaning. This is the basis for teaching methods for reading preschoolers in Starzhinskaya. The considered method is extremely effective and even necessary. Indeed, it is understanding the meaning of what is read that becomes the key to fluent reading in the future. By the time of transition to this stage, the child has enough skills to effectively absorb the meaning of words.

It is important that now everything is read at approximately the same pace with which it is pronounced in ordinary everyday speech. If this time is too long, then it becomes incredibly difficult for a child to guess or feel the meaning.

You need to start slowly, gradually accelerating the pace. Each time, one should check with the baby, the meanings of which words are not clear to him, what should be explained.

Learning to understand the meaning of the whole text

This stage completes the traditional method of teaching preschoolers. Now it's time to learn to synchronously understand the meaning of everything that a child reads. This requires a lot of time, so parents should be patient and not require too much from the baby. Understanding the content is a long and complex process.

Sometimes a child is able to read each of the words of a sentence absolutely correctly, but cannot understand its meaning. This is due to the presence in the phrase of a complex combination, which fully captured all the attention of the baby. And sometimes a preschooler is simply not able to keep in mind all the parts of the sentence at the same time to form its meaning. This difficulty can be defeated by re-reading this text.

Another difficulty is trying to guess the meaning of the proposal for the first association. And other children begin to constantly skip or replace letters in words. This is due to the fact that the preschooler perceives some general image of the word, applying it to other similar language units.

You should not force your child to read one text over and over again. This forms the wrong associative chain, creating an aggressively negative attitude of the baby to this process.

It is important to carefully work out each step. This directly depends on how the child will read in the future and how competently write.

Output

The development of your children is completely in your hands. Of course, today it is not so easy to find time to spend it with a child in a quality manner, but for parents there should be nothing more important. Therefore, the process of research and finding the right teaching method for your child to read should be given enough time and attention.

Sometimes failures will happen. They are inevitable. This happened to every child, and to you too. This does not mean that your baby is developing worse than others or will never learn to fluently read and clearly understand the texts. These failures only indicate that the wrong choice of methodology was made, either the parents do not pay enough attention to the process, or the classes are not regular, or the essence of the method does not contribute to the concentration of attention of this particular child. In any case, you should not be angry with the baby, his absolutely no fault in this. Be restrained, patient, friendly. It is important to be with the child at the same time. If you are one team, victory is near.

Many today still prefer to choose traditional teaching methods that combine the methods of Zhukova and Starzhinskaya, and in general imply a phased formation of skills. Such techniques have collected a huge amount of positive feedback, they are simple and reliable. Each child will be able to master reading with their help. Only the time necessary for this can differ.

Newer techniques, such as Zaitsev’s cubes and Doman’s method, are not suitable for every child, but this in no way diminishes their effectiveness. To implement each of them, a certain amount of props is necessary, for example, a certain number of cards, cubes, tables. They are used as visual material for a better perception of new information. As a rule, such learning methods are positively perceived by children, since the game element is obvious in them. The child does not get tired so quickly and is easily involved in the process. A special effect can be achieved if training takes place in a group. The success of others motivates the child much more than a simple personal interest in this process.

It may not be possible to choose the appropriate technique the first time. Failures are inevitable. However, do not despair. The well-being of your child deserves any of your efforts!

To teach a child to put letters into words, and words into sentences is not an easy task. On this difficult path, parents will need patience, accuracy and consistency. Today we will answer the basic questions: how to teach a child to read in syllables without the help of teachers, and what exercises to teach reading at home are most effective.

Learning to read: is the child ready to learn to read?

According to psychologists, the best age for learning to read is from 4.5 to 6 years. In practice, a child seeks to learn to read at the age of 5 years. It is worth remembering that each child is individual in his development, and if you do not fit into the generally accepted terms, this only means that the learning process should be postponed a little.

There are a number of factors that indicate whether a child is currently ready to master the reading process. Here are the most important ones:

• No pronunciation problems   - the child has the correct pace and rhythm of speech, all sounds are delivered;
• No hearing problems   - the child does not ask again many times, does not distort simple words in pronunciation;
• Adequate Speech   - A rich vocabulary, the ability to build phrases and understandable for others to express their thoughts;
• Advanced phonemic hearing   - the child is free to distinguish the sounds of speech, reproduce the sounds heard, call the first / last sound in the word;
• Free orientation in space   - the child clearly knows the concepts of right / left and top / bottom.

Closely observing the child, you will notice the moment when he will be interested in folding letters into words. The child will show familiar symbols on the signs of shops to mom and dad, and one day she will try to read the whole thing. Of course, in his first attempts, the baby will probably read the word incorrectly, but this is not scary - this suggests that his brain has matured to learn a new skill.

Known methods for teaching children to read

Methodology	How does it work
Doman Training	Global reading - this phrase can be used to characterize the method of Doman. It provides learning to read in whole words and is based on the features of the baby’s brain. The idea is to surround the child with words written on bright cards / posters (“table”, “chair”, “wardrobe”, etc.). Mechanical memory allows the child to remember and hold the accumulating volume of simple words. You can start following the methodology already from 5-6 months.
Syllable Reading Method	The traditional technique, which from year to year remains the most popular among parents who want to teach a child to read at home. The child first puts the letters into syllables, and then into words. In children older than 4.5-5 years, this method brings a quick result. Material is easily fixed in game tasks. This method of learning is used in kindergartens and schools, which is a definite plus.
Warehouse Reading Method	In this technique, not a word is split into syllables, but sounds are combined into warehouses. For example, the word “cup” will be read not “cup”, but “cha-sh-ka”. A warehouse may consist of a single letter, a consonant and a vowel, or a consonant and a hard / soft sign. Despite the fact that the technique is very common, it is likely that the child will have to relearn at school - because they use the method of reading by syllables. The habit of splitting words into warehouses can take root, which will subsequently impede the perception of the text and slow down the reading.
Cubes of Zaitsev	The technique helps to master the basics of reading through the perception of syllables. A variety of tables, colorful cubes of different colors with fillers take an active part in the visual training of combining letters in syllables. Classes with the help of Zaitsev’s cubes achieve great efficiency with group interaction (in kindergartens, child development centers, etc.). The technique under consideration helps to get the maximum result in the shortest time for those kids who find it difficult to sit in one place.

Moms and dads striving to teach a child to read as quickly as possible should be very sensitive in approaching this important issue. So that the child does not lose interest in reading from the first lessons, we suggest you get acquainted with current tips. They will help in the learning process to instill in the baby a love of the book.

Alphabet from a Young Age

Let a child from infancy “absorb” the name of letters in a song-play form like a sponge. Short memorable rhymes about letters will be deposited in children's memory, and closer to two years the child will be able to tell them quite consciously. Include from time to time various songs and mini-cartoons about the alphabet, especially since letters are remembered effortlessly in such a presentation.

Unobtrusive training

For a preschooler, the game is the main process through which he learns the world around him, including during the development of skills. Boring lessons and cramming will not bring the proper result, moreover, the child can completely stop loving reading. Present the information in a warm atmosphere, patiently, and the child will learn the necessary knowledge at the pace that suits him specifically.

Do it every day

If you began to take the first steps in reading syllables, and they went to no avail, it is too early to give up. You can take a break in 1-2 days, and then try again. Did the child read a couple of vowel syllables? Great, that means that initial reading skills have been obtained and need to be developed. Exercise regularly, and the result will not be long in coming.

Interested in reading

Often difficulties in learning arise with those children who were hardly read in childhood, and relatives did not set their own example of reading books. It can be fixed. Stories, fairy tales, children's fiction, interesting for your child, should appear in your house. Make a family tradition - reading a small work before bedtime. The kid will not give up parental attention, and an interesting story will prompt his interest in the book.

From simple to complex

It happens that the child knows the names of the letters, but does not know the sounds. The child will not be able to master reading until the moment he has learned the pronunciation of sounds well. Engage in this case in stages:

1. learn sounds;
2. go on to read syllables;
3. teach your child to merge syllables.

Only after completing these three steps can you start learning to read full words.

A detailed video with tips from the teacher - learning to read:

First steps to reading: getting to know the letters

To teach your child to read, you need to maintain interest in books and letters from an early age. As a rule, at 2-3 years old kids begin to pay attention to the alphabet. It is very important for parents to ensure the right developmental space at this moment.

Visualization

The child will quickly remember the letters if there is a bright poster with the Russian alphabet in his field of vision. The baby points to the letter - say the appropriate sound. It is possible that you will have to return to “A” and “B” more than once and repeat them, but that’s how the baby will remember them faster. For busy parents, an interactive panel with letters is a good help - it itself voices the letter that the child clicks on.

Touch

To remember the letters of the alphabet, it is important for the child to use touch. For the development of the abstract thinking of the baby, invite him to get acquainted with letters molded from plasticine, or cut out of cardboard. Pay attention to the similarity of objects and letters - the horizontal bar is similar to "P", and the bagel is the spilled letter "O".

Tea Party Lettering

The process of learning letters will be very fun and tasty if you offer your child an edible alphabet. Using curly pasta, you can cook Abvgdeyka soup, and bake cookies with your own hand-made cookies - the alphabet for dessert.

Magnetic entertainment

Using the magnetic alphabet, you can turn the process of learning letters into a fun and memorable game. For example, babies 1-2 years old can be lured by simply attaching the letter to the surface of the refrigerator and pronouncing it. “Give me a letter! What is it with us? This is the letter A! ”If the child is already 3 years old, then he will like the game of“ magnetic fishing ”. You need all the magnetic letters in the container, and make an impromptu fishing rod from a stick and rope with a magnet. Having caught the "fish", pronounce its name, drawing an analogy with the word. “This is fish! Look how she looks like a bug! ”

On the keys

Children are very fond of repeating the actions of adults. Let the baby push the buttons freely in an open text editor - he will be interested in the appearance of letters on the screen. Show how to type the simplest word "mom." You can print the first letter, and hand it to the child. Even if there is a completely unthinkable combination, it will be a kind of impetus to remember the alphabet. Also, to learn the letters, you can give the child "to tear" the old keyboard from the computer.

Mastering the principle of reading by syllables

Usually, children pronounce each sound separately, and this is understandable - they need time to remember what the next letter is called. The task of parents is to help the baby overcome this natural difficulty.

You need to start the exercises with words consisting only of vowels. For example, AU, IA and UA. For these simple words, you need to draw / select illustrations - for example, a girl lost in the forest (“AU!”), A baby lying in a cradle (“UA!”), And a cute donkey chewing weed (“IA!”). Ask the child not to read the inscription, but simply to chant it. You can sing slowly, "pull" the syllable, but do not stop: AAAUUU, IIIIAAA, UUUAAA.

On a note! Be sure to teach your child to recognize exclamatory and interrogative sentences. Highlight the moment of exclamation with your voice, the baby must distinguish between “A?” And “A!”

Do not be afraid to return to the past, continue to teach the child to read the simplest syllables. When the first sound of a syllable is consonant, it is more difficult for a child to read it. But, nevertheless, you also need to learn to read it, without it at school in any way. Let the child “pull” IUU and then put A, O, or U. The boy gives the girl a candy - IUU (“ON!”). The kid is swinging on a horse - IUU ("BUT!"). The girl took her mother's hand - MMMA ("MA!"). Please note that the child can pull the first sound long enough to remember the next one.

Important! Do not rush the child, if he thinks while reading a syllable that is difficult for him - when he feels the principle of folding syllables, then the process of mastering the skill will go much faster.

If the baby did not succeed in reading the word, then the parent must read it himself, then try to read it again with the child. Then move on to the next syllable. Regardless of success, cheer and praise your little student.

Most primers for children 6-7 years old offer to learn from syllabic tables. They are a list of various syllables that do not have semantic meaning, but are based on visualized memorization. Example: the letters "H" the sounds "ON-NO-NU-NY-NI", on "M" - "MA-MO-MOU-WE-MI", on "T" - "TA-TO-TU-YO -TI "etc. Of course, such tables have the right to life, but they are not at all interesting for children. Forcing a child to read various “VU” and “VA” is not necessary at all, it is quite possible to cope without such outdated methodological material.

Advice! The child should not be tired of reading. In the first month, read syllables no more than 3-4 times a week. Let the lessons go not in a row, but in a day. From the second or third month, you can teach your child to read daily.

Games that help teach your child to read

Reading skill requires diligence and regular practice. To make learning easier, consider the pictures in books, discuss the situations depicted in these pictures, compose stories on them. Communicate more and talk with the child - this will help him to develop thinking and coherent speech.

To discover the wonderful, interesting and huge world of books, we offer you games to study syllables, their correct pronunciation and memorization. Exercises in these games are suitable for children from 3 to 7 years.

Games for learning letters	Syllable Skill Games	Reading Skill Games
Create with your child images of letters with which he can play. They should be bright and memorable. You can independently make cards with letters and animals / objects depicted on them (A - AIST, B - DRUM, etc.).	A simple and at the same time interesting game - Make a Word. At the core: circles with written syllables and pictures that tell the child what word to make. For example, a picture of a river. The child must choose two circles. On the first circle, the syllable RE, on the second - KA. Porridge picture: choose circles with the syllables KA and SHA.	Game "Make a word." The child needs to make up a word from mixed up syllables and letters. For example: we create a game situation - the granddaughter Masha decided to give gifts to her grandmother and wrote them down so as not to forget. Suddenly a strong wind came and mixed everything. Let's help Mashenka remember what she wanted to give to her grandmother, making up correct words from mixed up syllables and letters.
To memorize letters and sounds, tell short verses-associations, for example: A-east A-zbu-ku li-steel, On A-W-Bus-o-pos-dal. On Kar-tin-ku smo-trit Cat, On Kar-tin-ke Kit-swim. O-slick vi-dit O-bla-ka Oh, their river.	The game "Find the hidden word." You need to lay out a path in front of the child from different words. The task of the reader: to choose what you think. For example, among the words: “cat, swing, chair, carrot”, find the “living” word - animal, vegetable, piece of furniture, children's entertainment.	Game exercise "Read fast." The child should utter the words as quickly as possible: - soaps, soaps, soaps, sweet, soaps; - cheese, cheese, cheese, peace, cheese; - saw, saw, saw, linden, saw; - salt, salt, salt, salt, salt; - river, river, hand, river, hand.
Design letters with your kid from improvised materials - pencils, matches, counting sticks or salt dough.	The game "Word in Word" is very interesting for children aged 5-6 years. You need to find a smaller word in a big word, for example E-LEK-TRO-STAN-TsI-I: CAT, NOSE, THRONE, etc.	The game "Name what you see." The meaning of the game is that the child must name everything that he sees around him in a certain letter. You can also call animals (CAT, RAT, BUNNY), \u200b\u200btoys (BALL, MACHINE), or the names of cartoon characters (CARLSON, KROCH) by a specific letter.
Create a coloring album where a specific letter will live on each page. For letters, you can draw a house, or decorate a letter with a pattern starting on it (A-ASTRA, B - BEACH, etc.).	Game "Make a syllable of halves." For the game you need to write various syllables on cardboard cards, and cut them in half horizontally, then mix. The task of the child is to collect cards and read the syllables written on them.	Game exercise "Guess what is wrong." The child is invited to look at the picture, under which the word is written with an error. The task is to read the word by syllables, find the mistake and replace it with the desired letter (for example, KO-RO-VA and KO-RO-ON)
To study letters, you can use board games - dominoes, lotto with the alphabet. A parent can make a lotto with letters. To make it, you will need 8 cardboard cards with written letters, as well as small pictures with letters that the child will call for searching on the cards.	Walker games help to understand the principle of reading syllables. Such games can be purchased or made by yourself, taking ready-made walker games as a basis. Various syllables must be entered in empty cells. On them you need to move the chip. During the game, the child rolls a die. The kid should read the syllables encountered in his path. In the process, you can get sound tracks consisting of 4-6 syllables. The winner is the one who quickly reads all the syllables and gets to the finish.	Game exercise "What's on the plate." Before eating, ask the child in syllables to say which of the foods is in front of him. Help pronounce words with a large number of syllables, while setting the pronunciation rate (KA-SHA, MO-LO-KO, PYU-RE, OV-SYAN-KA). One of the interesting options for this game can be a game of "cook". The child’s task is to make a lunch menu from words in the selected letter, for example, “M”. If you get few words per letter, you can suggest finding in the refrigerator products starting with 2 letters, etc.

Note! How to quickly teach a child to read so that he does not get tired of the learning process and does not lose interest? You need to deal with it regularly, but at the same time not for long. For the first lessons, 5-7 minutes will be enough. Gradually, this time can be increased to 15-20 minutes. If you conduct classes in a playful way, the child will be easily and not bored to learn the reading skill.

Word exercises: reinforcing a skill

As soon as the child learns to merge letters into syllables, parents can be congratulated on half the distance traveled. Now the most important thing is to consolidate the acquired skill. In this business funny and interesting tasks will be used.

What to play	What to do
Who eats what?	Write the names of animals in the column: KOSH-KA, KO-RO-VA, SO-BA-KA, BEL-KA, KRO-LIK, MOUSE-KA. And to the right and left of the words, draw pictures: fish, grass, bone, walnut, carrot, cheese. The task of the child is to read the word and "feed" with the arrows of each pet the right food.
Who is superfluous?	Write a few words in the column: GRU-SHA, YAB-LO-KO, A-ON-US, PO-MI-DOR. Ask the child to cross out the extra word, and be sure to explain your choice. So you can play with the names of vegetables, clothes / shoes, flowers, trees, birds, etc.
Big and small	Write the words DE-RE-VO, GO-RA, GRU-ZO-VIK, ZHI-RAF, I-GO-YES, CAP-LA, BU-SI-NA at the top of the sheet. Draw two pictures below - the house (large) and the chicken   (small). Let the child read the words, and determine which ones are large and small, and connect them with lines with suitable pictures (a berry, a drop and a bead to the chicken, the rest of the words to the house). Similarly, you can divide the words into sweet and sour, heavy and light, etc.
Who lives where?	Shuffle down the names of wild and domestic animals: WOLF, ELK, LI-SA, KA-BAN, KO-RO-VA, KO-ZA, KOSH-KA, SO-BA-KA, Hedgehog. Under the words depict on one side a forest, on the other - a village hut with a fence. Let the child read the words and use the arrows to depict where each of the animals lives.

We form the habit of reading books from infancy

At the beginning of this part, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with your mom’s experience. How to teach a child to read in syllables (video):

Personal example

“The child learns what he sees in his home.” A well-known expression comes in handy when a child develops a concept of the importance of reading. If the baby will often see his parents and relatives with the book, then for him reading will become part of life. Let the kid from an early age know that reading is interesting, and a good book can very well replace a computer game or watching a cartoon.

Bright illustrations

Choosing a book to start reading, do not forget that pictures are important for children. Thanks to expressive, vivid drawings, it will be easier and more interesting for the child to follow the plot.

Regular reading

Love for books is not formed at one moment. If an adult regularly reads small fairy tales out loud to a child, after a month or two the baby will himself be more interested in the works. The first words you read are often the ones on the cover of your favorite book.

Choice

The child should be interested in what you plan to read with him. As early as 4 years old, a small reader is able to determine how interesting a particular book is to him. At this age, it's time for the first trip to the library - let the kid choose the book itself in accordance with their own desire.

TV restriction

Reading, of course, requires certain intellectual efforts from the child. What can not be said about television - in the literal sense, it selects the opportunity to dream up, providing ready-made images. It’s not worth completely depriving you of watching cartoons, but it makes sense to limit the time spent behind the screen and strictly select the allowed TV programs.

Learning to read is an exciting process. Mastering this important skill at the age of 5-6 years will greatly facilitate the learning of lessons at school, and the adaptive period will make it easier.

However, reading is also a very difficult step. Therefore, the child’s psychological readiness for learning is important. After all, we need not only to teach him to read, but also to instill a love of reading and literature. How to teach a child to read? The main thing is the desire of the parents and the willingness of the baby! And everything will turn out!

Signs of the child's readiness for the learning process

Of course, you can start practicing with a three-year-old, trying to grow a child prodigy. All individually! But nevertheless, psychologists recommend paying attention to some signs that will tell you that the baby is ready to comprehend the basics of science - reading. There are a lot of such signs, and here are just a few:

• The child has a sufficiently developed, understandable speech;
• He has an extensive vocabulary, in the speech there must be complex sentences;
• The child should be able to retell what he was told in the kindergarten, at home. The story should be clear and structured;
• The presence of a child's spatial and temporal orientation. Also an understanding of the cardinal points;
• No speech defects. That is, it is too early to start reading if the child is unable to pronounce any sounds and letters. But, again, a very individual approach is needed!

If the crumbs have all these signs, then parents can already think about the task of reading. Today, teachers and scientists have developed many ways to teach this skill. Reading teaching techniques are diverse and each parent and teacher will be able to choose the most suitable for them. Today we will consider the most common and popular.

Zaitsev’s cubes and why do children like them so much?

Zaitsev’s technique at the moment, even after a decent time after its first appearance, is still one of the most popular methods for teaching children to read.

Teacher N.A. Zaitsev from St. Petersburg. He came up with the idea of \u200b\u200bplacing frequently spoken letter storages in a table, and then divided them into cubes.

What is the peculiarity of the method? All training takes place in the form of a game, and in the game the child remembers better, as he is carried away and is fully involved in the process. By the way, many teachers note that this method is very suitable for left-handed children. This is justified by the fact that such children better remember and perceive the whole word, rather than individual letters.

However, there is a minus in the methodology, as defectologists believe, is very significant. Children who were taught according to the Zaitsev method, having learned letters and started to read often “swallow” the end of a word or phrase, cannot then begin to disassemble the word in terms of composition, since they initially perceive the whole word, not knowing how to disassemble it into parts.

There are enough errors, or rather, imperfections in the created technique. So, for example, on the cubes there are combinations of letters, such as "BE", "GE" and so on. The child gets used to such “combinations” of letters, although they are applicable in fairly rare cases.

Yes, and there are other flaws - the differences between reading and writing. If in a letter we use the combination “FE” in the words “coffee”, “cafe”, then we say: “CAFE”, and so on. There are many examples of such inconsistencies.

What is remarkable today is the power to make a set of Zaitsev’s cubes for everyone independently, and make them according to their needs and any sizes. So the cubes will fit not only in roomy school bags for teenagers, but also in little funny preschool bags.

We read according to syllables - easily and naturally. The most famous method is syllabic reading.

Syllabic reading is a technique used today in almost every pre-school and primary school institution. By the age of five, a child can completely remember the alphabet and even learn to read, if you help him in these difficult matters in a consistent and leisurely way. By the way, the syllabic technique is just perfect for this age.

At first, the baby learns the letters with parents or carers, learns to correctly name, pronounce, and then combine these letters with others, combining them into syllables. Syllables, in turn, then form words. But each stage of this training is done gradually.

For classes, you will need cards with letters, preferably large, on a white background. By the way, such cards can be made independently.

Take a thick cardboard, preferably white. Felt-tip pen or red marker. And make a markup for each card on cardboard. Let them be 5 by 5 centimeters, so it will be convenient for them to hold the baby, and then it will be easy for you to collect them. On each card on one side write one large letter, paint over it. Be sure to write in print. Make the whole alphabet in this way, and best of all, not just one, but several sets of cards, so that later you can make syllables and words.

You can buy a primer - it will obviously not be superfluous, in addition, then it will be useful in school. The very first textbook for your crumbs should be chosen very carefully. Consider everything - the font, the presence of illustrations, make sure that there are not too many of them on one page, since very bright and large drawings can distract the attention of a small student. The lack of pictures can also negatively affect the results of the exercise - the kid will just be uninteresting to do.

It is best to start learning letters with open vowels. This is A, E, U, S. You can then include several voiced consonants in the study. The first to be remembered is M and L. The letter “M” is remembered quickly, since the most often pronounced word begins with this letter - “mother”. The kid begins to read just these syllables "ma-ma", and then begins to write, too, and of course, the letters and syllables of his name.

After consonants and vowels, you can begin to study hissing: H, W, P, X and so on.

Another tip, more psychological - do not rush. Everything has its time. The child will learn to read without fail, but when it is 4, 3 or even 6 years old - it doesn’t matter. Indeed, if you confess to yourself, many just want to boast about the achievements of the children, and that’s why they are more diligent in dealing with them, trying to give them as much information as possible.

It’s best to start each new letter lesson by repeating past lessons. Let the baby name the letters that he knows, together name the words on these letters. Try to call different words every new day, so you will end up with a developed vocabulary and great imagination, and even memory.

Have you learned all the letters? Not confused Do not stammer? Fine! Well done you are now the time to start the most syllabic reading. Name one letter, explain that they can connect, and read the entire syllable together.

A little later there will be a whole article on games in syllabic reading.

Learning by playing

Game reading instruction is perhaps the most pleasant and most accessible technique for children. The name itself speaks for itself - the child actively masters knowledge, while doing what he likes to do.

Take, for example, such a simple game. Here is the letter in front of the baby - it can be drawn, made of paper, sewn from fabric, even molded from plasticine (another plus is the development of fine motor skills), and here is the second - and they catch up with each other.

My manual on the study of letters "Bukvograd" is also built on this deeply playing and fabulous principle. If you are not familiar with her, then start dating with.

You can play "search for the letters-lost", who got lost and can not find the way home. How to help them? Correctly called. The letter “A” will be read and “will go home,” and so on. Involve a child in this simple game - look for the letters you need in television programs, picture books, on the street in store signs, and so on ... There are a lot of options.

You can make a “letter labyrinth” at home. Take a cardboard and make cards of the same color and size, write letters on them. Let the vowels be red and the consonants blue. So the baby will be easier to remember them. And in now, make a hole in each card and pull a thread through this hole at different distances. Lay the thread with the letters strung on it around the apartment. And let the child find the beginning of this thread, and move along it forward, naming each letter that occurs. And interesting, and easy!

On the one hand, it seems that there are only pluses from this technique - after all, the child is well, not bored, and it’s easy for mom and dad - the games are simple, and the skills gained with their help are very valuable. But there are still disadvantages. Namely, a game can be any activity ... That is, the child will get used to just playing, and when real serious classes begin, he will perceive them incorrectly. Therefore, you should immediately prioritize, because your goal is not only to play, but also to teach reading, ability to focus attention, and be assiduous.

After you master the letters in the game, in the same way you can start with syllables and then read simple words. Another important point! No matter how interesting your game is, always pronounce the readable letters, syllables and words correctly. No need to distort the correct stress, take care of yourself and the child. The game method of teaching syllable reading involves a fun presentation of information, entertaining lessons, but by no means lisp and inventing silly diminutive words.

Glen Doman Reading Learning Method

Popular among modern parents is the method of teaching Glen Doman. On it you need to start practicing with the heir or heiress directly from infancy. The method is based on showing cards with different images. It can be letters, numbers, animals, plants and much more. Watching what you want to teach the baby.

As for reading, Doman has his own guesses and statements: the child first needs to memorize the first few dozen words. Mom just shows the picture on the card for a few seconds. There can be many such cards, and maybe not enough. In general, the technique advises quick change of pictures.

This technique also favorably affects the breadth of outlook. Thanks to Doman, children literally from the cradle begin to master and "study" the surrounding objects and even that which he has not yet seen.

Whatever method or method you choose, or even a single manual, there are many of them now, remember one thing - do not rush your baby, let him enjoy a carefree childhood, start classes and serious training when he is ready for it! Feel each other ...

Happy learning and playing!

With warmth