Paul Moriah. Paul Verlaine, biography

At the end of the 19th century, France had many talented poets, each of whom had a beautiful and interesting biography. Paul Verlaine was one of such prominent lyrics. No wonder he was proclaimed the “Prince of Poets" and a recognized master of symbolic direction. However, he was neither a theoretician nor a leader.

Creativity and facts of the personal life of the poet are inextricably linked. Being an unbalanced and passionate nature (as his biography tells us), Paul Verlaine was constantly entangled in the contradictions of his character and fate, and also bent under the yoke of difficult life circumstances. But, as A. France rightly said: “It is inadmissible to apply the same measure to the poet and to sane people. Paul has rights that are absent from us, as he is incomparably higher and simultaneously incomparably lower than all of us. He is an unconscious being and such a poet who is born once a century. "

Childhood and youth

Paul Verlaine was born in Metz in 1844. Due to the work of his father (he was a military engineer), the whole family constantly moved until it settled in Paris in 1851. Here, the future poet spent his school years. In 1862, he received a bachelor's degree in literature. Already in his youthful years, Paul became addicted to literary work. He constantly read the poems of C. Baudelaire, as well as the Parnassian poets T. Gauthier and T. de Bonville. At the end of 1862, the future poet entered the faculty of law to study law, but material difficulties forced him to quit school and get to work.

First publications

In 1866, Paul published in the journal Modern Parnassus. He also publishes with his own money a collection of Saturnic Poems. In Verlaine, one can see the influence on the author of Parnassian poets who rejected “confessional lyrics” and romantic “raging feelings”. In their opinion, the main criterion for the beautiful is the perfection of form, "the harmony between the subjective and the objective." Paul Verlaine's early poems very clearly reflect this principle. Nevertheless, the poet has his own original style, which is characterized by melancholy intonations and the ability to convey to the reader the secret movements of the soul, its “music”.

New works

In the late 60s, Paul collaborated with several literary magazines. Also, at his own expense, he publishes in 1869 the collection “Refined Holidays”. The verses were characterized by a melancholy-playful form, allowing conversational intonation. The poet tries the impossible in the traditional versification of rhyme.

At this time, Verlaine met a 16-year-old girl Matilda. The flashed love passion inspires Paul to write a new collection, “Good Song”. The poems included in the book have a common rhythm. The poet's words are gentle and lyrical.

Wedding and meeting with Rimbaud

In the summer of 1870, the Good Song collection was published, and Verlaine would immediately marry Matilda. The young settle in Paris, but the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian war forces them to survive the siege of the city. After 1871, Paul's melancholy intensified. This contributes to both an undefined personal life and a loss.

Family relations became even more complicated after Paul met another. It was the famous Arthur Rimbaud. Anarchism and continuous nihilism are the two worldviews that characterize the work of Arthur and his biography. Paul Verlaine, pushed by a young genius, decides to break with the poetic tradition. He seriously thinks about the content of his poems.

Since the beginning of 1872, Paul Verlaine and Arthur Rimbaud spend all their time together. They travel a lot in England and Belgium. Rimbaud believes that Paul needs to look for new ways of poetic creativity. They often quarrel and reconcile, until in mid-1873 a climax scandal occurs. Paul shoots at Arthur and wounds him in the shoulder. For this, Verlaine is sentenced to two years in prison. It will be released in January 1875.

Romances without words

All poems by Paul Verlaine are good, but included in the collection "Romances without words" are his best poetic achievement. The collection was published in 1874, when the author was in prison. The verses sound notes of melancholy, sadness and short oblivion. Some works resemble impressionist landscapes, covered with gray mist or dissolved in fog. At the same time, the use of the visual capabilities of the language and the tendency to the synthesis of pictorial and verbal images are clearly traced.

Poetry and Cursed Poets

In 1882, Paul published the poem "Poetic Art", which became a real manifesto for young symbolist poets. Although Paul himself did not advise the followers of his work to engage in imitation. It’s better to create your own original style. In the same year, the cycle “Cursed Poets” appeared, where the author spoke about the latest school of Symbolist poets and praised T. Corber, A. Rimbaud, S. Mallarmé and others. The success of this cycle allowed Paul to publish more of his own works and get good ones for them money. We can say that financially it was the best time in the life of the poet. This concludes his biography. Paul Verlaine died in 1896 from pneumonia.

Paul Verlaine (03/30/1844, Metz - 8.01.1896, Paris), French poet. Born in the family of an officer. He began to write under the influence of Parnassians, but also romantics and Charles Baudelaire.
  Verlaine is one of the founders of the symbolist trend. In “Saturn Poems” (1866) and “Gallant Festivities” (1869), along with strictly sculpted images in the manner of Parnassians, there are singing, melancholic, dull-sounding verses characteristic of Verlaine.
  In the poetry book “A Song of Pure Love” (1870), Verlaine brings the vocabulary and syntax of poetic speech closer to simple conversation.
  In 1871, Verlaine did not obey the Versailles, remained in Paris and served in the press bureau of the Paris Commune. After the “bloody week” until 1877, he lived mainly in the provinces, leaving for Belgium and England.
  In 1874 he published a book of poems “Romances without words,” which largely determined the aesthetics of symbolism. Sincere, unpretentious songs alternated with verses there, symbolically conveying the minor sound and rhythm of the pointless longing and humility to her. In the poem “Poetic art”

Verlaine half-jokingly advised to achieve the alluring imagination of inaccuracy, nuances, musicality of the verse.
  The collections of poems “Far and Close” (1884), “Parallel” (1889), articles about Arthur Rimbaud, Stefan Mallarm and others (“Cursed Poets”, 1884) are dual. Decreasing tendencies intensify here, but at the same time, the poet warns his new supporters from decadent extremes and publishes revolutionary poems (the poem “The Conquered” in the collection “Far and Close”). “The most intimate of poets”, according to Valery Bryusov, Verlaine was more humane than other French Symbolists, he enriched poetry with subtle lyricism, giving it intense musical expressiveness. He died in poverty.

Verlaine Paul, (1844-1896) French Symbolist Poet

Born in Metz in the family of a military engineer. In 1851 the family settled in Paris, where he was assigned to a private boarding house. Then he studied at the Lyceum of Bonaparte, who graduated in 1862 with a bachelor's degree. The first poem, “Death”, was written at the lyceum in 1858. By the time the lyceum ended, the family’s well-being had been shaken, and Verlaine had to look for work. He held a modest position in the city hall, became close to the circle of young poets, from whom the Parnassus School later emerged. In 1863, Verlaine's first sonnet, Mr. Prud, was published.

He led a hectic life. In 1870 he married his friend's sister. He swore an oath to go from now on in life "direct and gentle way."

In the days of the Paris Commune, Verlaine worked in the bureau of the commune press. During the days of the defeat of the Commune, he met one of the participants in the barricade battles, the young poet A. Rimbaud.

After the defeat of the Commune, he again became addicted to absinthe. Quarrels began with his wife, who had given birth to a son by this time. Verlaine was completely influenced by Rimbaud. The wife was jealous of his husband. In the end, Verlaine went with Rimbaud on a trip to Belgium and England (1872-1873). He wrote the fourth book of poems - “Romances without words”, published in 1874.

The wife began the divorce proceedings. This fact, together with the carousing, led him to a nervous breakdown. Having recovered, he wanted to continue his former life with Rimbaud, but he refused. Between them there was a sharp explanation in Brussels. Verlaine fired twice
  Rimbaud wounded him, for which the Belgian authorities sentenced him to two years in prison. In prison, under the influence of a local preacher, he turned to religion. The book, written partly in prison and partly in England - "Wisdom" - was published in 1881, but went unnoticed.

He left the prison in 1875, took the place of a teacher of French, subsequently and drawing, in a small English school. He spent three years in England, during which he tried to improve his life and, in the end, completely devoted himself to literary work.
  In the 70-80s, the poet increasingly turns to God. Religious mood was reflected in his collection "Wisdom" (1881).

In 1884, the collection Once Upon a Time and a book of literary and critical articles, Damned Poets, were published, which included essays about six poets, including Arthur Rimbaud, Stefan Mallarmé and Paul Verlaine himself.

The aesthetic principles of the poet get a perfect form in the collections of the last period “Love” (1888), “Happiness” and “Songs for Her” (1891).

Paul Verlaine led a galaxy of young poets. His poems gained crazy popularity. At the traditional election ceremony of the “King of Poets" in 1891 after the death of L. de Lily, a greater number of votes were cast for Verlaine. But recognition came too late: health was shaken. The talented poet was ill and was almost always forced to stay in hospitals. The writer J. Renard noted in his diary of 1892: "Nothing is left of Verlaine except our cult of Verlaine."

Paul Moriah was born in France, in the city of Marseille, on March 4, 1925. He graduated from the Marseille Conservatory in piano. At the age of 17 he created his first orchestra.

In 1957 he moved to Paris and began working at the Barclay record company as an arranger and accompanist. At different times he worked with Charles Aznavour (more than 120 songs were jointly created), Delilah, Maurice Chevalier, Leo Ferre, Leni Escudero and many other pop singers.

In 1966, Paul Moriah became the music director of Mireille Mathieu. Together with the poet Andre Pascal, he creates her main hit Mon credo, for several years of collaboration he recorded about 50 songs with Mireille Mathieu. In 1967, during the visit of Mireille Mathieu to the USSR aboard the cruiser Aurora in Leningrad, the song Quand fera-t-il jour, camarade? Is born, which was included in the repertoire of the singer.

In 1962, Paul Moriah composed his first international hit, Chariot (Grand Prix of the Eurovision Song Contest 1962), which later received the English name I will follow him. It was his collaboration with the famous French composer and conductor Frank Pursel, who recorded 4 years later with his orchestra, the song of the composer Andre Popp and well-known to everyone for the weather forecast on the first channel of Soviet television - Manchester and Liverpool.

In 1964 and 1965, together with Raymond Lefebvre, he composed comedy music with the participation of Louis de Funes Gendarme from Saint-Tropez and the Gendarme in New York.

In 1965, Paul Moriah created his own Grand Orchestra, with which for many years he recorded instrumental versions of popular songs, and he worked on classical music. In 1968, his orchestral version of the 1967 Eurovision Song Contest - L'amour est bleu (hereinafter referred to as Love is Blue) led the charts in the United States, and then in many countries of the world. Paul Moriah became the only French artist to achieve this recognition in the USA.

Since 1969, the Paul Moria Orchestra has been doing concert tours in the USA and Canada, Japan and South Korea, Brazil and other Latin American countries. Paul Moriah becomes a phenomenon in Japan, annually arranging up to 50 concerts.

In Soviet times, the music of Paul Moriah often sounded on radio and television, in such programs as Animal World (composition Alouette), Cinema Panorama (composition Pardonne-moi ce caprice d'enfant), several compositions in the weather forecast (Yesterday, Abrazame and others) . Since the mid-1970s, four of his vinyl records have been issued under license, sold throughout the country in millions of copies. After meeting with bard Sergey Nikitin (1978), Paul Moria created an excellent instrumental version of his song, To the music of Vivaldi. In addition, back in 1965, Paul Moriah recorded a disc with 12 Russian melodies Russie de toujours (Eternal Russia), reprinted in many countries on a CD called The Russian album.

The last album of the orchestra - Romantic was recorded in 1997. Since 1998, Paul Moriah completed his active concert activity. The new conductor of the orchestra was the talented pianist Gilles Gambius, who had worked in the orchestra for many years.

Paul Moriah came to Moscow twice - in 1967 as an accompanist Mireille Mathieu, in 1978, already with the tours of his orchestra. In 2002, the orchestra again gave concerts, but with the new conductor Gilles Gambus.

Melodies written by him

Throughout his life he wrote many tunes. The conventional wisdom that “Alouette” (the famous tune from “In the animal world”) was written by him is incorrect. The composition was written by Ariel Ramirez (born September 4, 1921). In fact, the Paul Moria Orchestra was the first to play this tune.

Biography
Paul Verlaine was born March 30, 1844 in Metz, in France. In 1862, after receiving a bachelor's degree, he first worked in the office of the insurance company, and then in the municipality of Paris, doing poetry in his spare time and visiting literary circles. Verlaine began to be attributed to the well-known group of "writers of Parnassus", which included Stephanie Mallarme, Villiers de Lil-Adam and Anatole France. Verlaine's poems began to appear in literary magazines, and in 1866 he published his first collection of poetry. In 1869, at the age of twenty-five, Verlaine fell in love with sixteen-year-old Matilda Mote, and the next year they got married. Poems written during the engagement period indicate that the poet considered his wife to be a deliverance from "sinful fetters." In August 1871, the very embodiment of the sinful bondage entered Verlaine's life. Arthur Rimbaud was born on September 20, 1854 in the city of Charleville in France. From a young age, Rimbaud showed a talent for writing, and in his studies he excelled the rest of the College de Charleville, where in 1870 at the academic competition for a poem in Latin, Rambo received the first prize. In the same year, his first poem was published. Arthur Rimbaud completed his formal education in July 1870, when the Franco-Prussian War broke out. After all the misadventures, Rimbaud eventually reached Paris, where he lived in poverty for six months, and then returned to Charleville as a completely different person. Nothing remained of the joy of life, which was reflected in the poet’s early poems - in her place a devilish, blasphemous, reigning soul changed beyond recognition. For others, the poet became the punishment of the Lord. According to his friend Ernest Delae, "he was despised for money, shamefully earned, for disgusting acts described in great detail - this alone was enough for the thunder of heaven to punish this den." At that time, Rimbaud lived on maintenance with wealthy men. In two letters to Paul Demney, dated 1881 and now known as the "Clairvoyant Letters", Arthur outlined his new aesthetic views: to become a seer, clairvoyant, the poet must break free from the shackles that keep the ordinary "I" from communication with the unknown endless. He must become something like a criminal, must sacrifice everything for what Rimbaud called "conscious destruction of the mind." In August 1871, Rimbaud sent Verlaine some of his last poems. The amazed poet immediately sent the young man money for a trip to Paris. Before leaving Charleville, in a surge of creative power, Rimbaud created the “Drunken Ship” - one of the most outstanding masterpieces of French literature. In Paris, Rimbaud visited famous poets, frightening everyone with his behavior, except Verlaine, with whom he began to maintain a love affair. By November, a lot of speculation about this relationship appeared in the press, and when Rimbaud and Verlaine appeared at the same literary meeting once, the shocked audience threw them out. Then followed a period of unbridled drunkenness and noisy scandals. Between lovers there were endless quarrels, partings and reconciliations. The culmination came when on July 10, 1873 in Brussels Verlaine, not remembering himself from the drunk, shot at Rimbaud and hit him in the wrist. Terrified of what he had done, Verlaine gave Rambo a gun, insisting that he kill him. Rimbaud refused, and they went to the hospital to treat the wound. However, on the street Verlaine started a new quarrel, again pulled out a weapon, and Rambo had to beg a passing policeman for protection. Arthur Rimbaud was taken to the hospital, and Verlaine was arrested. Accused of attempted murder, a poet burned with love was sentenced to two years in prison. During a restless love affair with Verlaine, Rimbaud created two of his most significant works: the magnificent and terrible "One Summer in Hell" and the abstract poems in the prose "Illumination". From an artistic point of view, Verlaine was finally surpassed. Hans Meyer estimates the development of relations between the two poets as follows: “It was exactly what Verlaine was not capable of: a strong and constant feeling against the background of scandalous experiences. He remained a stupid lover of the wife of the underworld, and, like a“ stupid virgin, ” I don’t understand why everything will ever end. " Rimbaud and Verlaine saw each other again - in 1875, after Verlaine got out of prison - and completely quarreled. Rimbaud traveled around Europe and the Middle East for several years until he stopped in Ethiopia. In this country, Rimbaud became the first white man who dared to live in the Ogaden area. In 1885, Arthur Rimbaud began to engage in illegal arms transfers for the army of King Shoa Menelik II. The poet himself lived in poverty and obscurity with a native. Meanwhile, during a long absence in France, Rimbaud gained fame. Unable to find his former lover, Verlaine decided to independently take up the publication of Rambo's works (as the work of "Arthur Rambo who left us"), which met with unanimous approval from the critics. In 1884, Verlaine wrote about Rambaud's book, Cursed Poets. Despite the fact that rumors about success in France in some way reached Rimbaud, the poet did not show the slightest interest in this. Rimbaud denied poetry and traveled (according to Mayer) "from the love of scandalous fame to scandalous obscurity." In 1891, Rambo began to develop a tumor on his right leg. The diagnosis is bone cancer. When the treatment in Aden did not produce any results, Rimbaud was taken to France, where he suffered amputation of the leg. Arthur Rimbaud passed away on November 10, 1891 in Marseille. The poet was thirty-seven years old. Well, Verlaine after breaking up with Rimbaud returned to Catholicism and tried to establish relations with his wife, however, in the end, this attempt was unsuccessful. Verlaine began binges and resumed scandalous bisexual relations. His best work has remained unwritten. The poet died on January 8, 1896 in Paris. The passionate, frantic, self-destructive love of the two poets inspired - especially Rimbaud - to create some of the most remarkable and unforgettable poetic works of French literature. Rimbaud’s life story could not leave indifferent many minds (for example, they suggest that Joseph Conrad’s “Heart of Darkness” was inspired by the last years of Rambo’s life).